Herbicida à base de glifosato como potencial fator de risco para o câncer de mama: uma análise da expressão gênica, das modificações epigenéticas e do uso de epifármacos

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Alves, Lyvia Neves Rebello
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Doutorado em Biotecnologia; Centro de Ciências da Saúde; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Câncer de mama; Fator de risco; Epigenética; Biotecnologia
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/18083

Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in women worldwide, with both genetic and environmental factors playing a role in its development. Glyphosate, the active ingredient in widely used agricultural herbicides, is recognized as a potential carcinogen and endocrine disruptor, making it a candidate for inducing epigenetic modifications linked to breast cancer. This study investigates the effects of the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup® on non-tumorigenic (MCF10A) and tumorigenic (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) breast cell lines, focusing on the expression of key breast cancer-related genes. Additionally, the study examines the association with epigenetic modifications and the use of epidrugs (5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine, 3-Deazaneplanocin A, and Trichostatin A) to reverse potential alterations, aiming to understand the risks and mechanisms of herbicide action. Results indicate that Roundup® affects cells through a non-estrogenic mechanism, impacting both hormone-dependent and -independent cell lines with varying toxic and proliferative effects depending on dose and exposure time. Moreover, it altered the expression of breast cancer-related genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 at low doses. The use of epigenetic modulators was able to reverse some Roundup®-induced changes, suggesting the herbicide's role in epigenetic modifications. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of understanding glyphosate-based herbicide mechanisms in humans, which could enable personalized prevention strategies to mitigate breast cancer risks.