Síntese e caracterização de membrana híbrida de poliacrilonitrila e quitosana agregada com nanopartículas de óxido de zinco

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Bernardo, Paulo Matheus Ferro
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em Química; Centro de Ciências Exatas; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química
• Palavras-chave em Português: Poliacrilonitrila (PAN); Quitosana (QUI); Nanopartículas; Óxido de zinco; Membranas híbridas; Blendas poliméricas; Membranas (Tecnologia); Química; 54
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7322

Polymeric membranes are defined as an interface between two adjacent phases acting as selective barriers regulating the transport of substances between two compartments, they are obtained from polymeric structures, and other types, as ceramic materials. In this work the biopolymer chitosan (QUI) was used, from pre-processed shrimp shells whose last purification step was performed using 0.5 mol/L acetic acid and polyacrylonitrile (PAN), which was synthesized using benzoyl peroxide and the acrylonitrile monomer. The objective of this work was to investigate the production of hybrid membranes of polyacrylonitrile and chitosan, aggregatedwith zinc oxide nanoparticles, which was added in a chitosan acid solution with stirring using ultrasound and heating at 70 ºC, and then analyzethe characteristics of these membranes.The results showed that pure PAN membranes are hard and brittle, and, as the content of QUIT increases, they become more malleable, at the same time that the pores are closed and become smaller and less frequent. With respect to the addition of zinc oxide, the pores of membranes with the presence of this one assume an intermediate aspect between those presented by the pure PAN and PAN/QUIT membranes. When observed in its cross section, the membranes with QUIT have large cavities, unlike the one observed for pure PAN and, again, the membranes with presence of zinc oxide exhibit intermediate behavior, being possible to observe a kind of polymer network. The most effective effect of solvent evaporation was observed on all membranes, which caused considerable membrane breakage or change at a temperature above 120 °C.