Efeito da fotobiomodulação sobre a periodontite experimental em camundongos hipercolesterolêmicos ApoE knockout

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Ribeiro, Isadora Martins
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em Ciências Odontológicas; Centro de Ciências da Saúde; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Odontológicas
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fotobiomodulação; Terapia com luz de baixa intensidade; ApoE knockout; Doença Periodontal; Hipercolesterolemia; Estresse oxidativo; subject.br-rjbn; Ciências da Saúde
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17194

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) has attracted special attention and can lead to positive physiological responses or inhibitory biological effects. PBM has been studied mainly in the treatment of Periodontal Disease (PD), which is one of the most common inflammatory conditions. The periodontitis-systemic disease relationship constitutes an important part of clinical periodontal research. Cardiovascular diseases, which are an example of diseases worsened by PD, can be caused by hypercholesterolemia, which has been proposed as a possible link between chronic periodontal inflammation and atherosclerosis. Therefore, this study seeks to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation by infrared irradiation (NIR-PBM) on oxidative stress and inflammatory activity in the knockout animal model (ApoE-/-) with PD caused by ligation. ApoE-/- mice aged 16 weeks and 25-30 g were used. Induction of periodontitis by ligation was performed over a period of four weeks. The animals were divided into three experimental groups: ApoEC (n=6-8), which did not receive intervention; ApoEP (n=6-8), with periodontitis caused; and ApoEP+PBM (n=6-8), with periodontitis caused and NIR-PBM with an energy density of 6 J per session (808 nm, continuous wave, ø ~ 3 mm2, 100 mW) for 60 seconds for seven consecutive days. Alveolar bone loss was assessed using scanning electron microscopy of the mandible; the quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by flow cytometry; plasma cholesterol levels; inflammatory activity (myeloperoxidase levels) and plasma oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation) through biochemical assays. The success of PD caused by ligation was due to the significant alveolar bone loss in the ApoEP group compared with the ApoEC group. Periodontitis increased plasma cholesterol levels in the ApoEP group, compared to ApoEC. Animals in the ApoEP group showed higher levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) when compared to the ApoEC group. The levels of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide are different when compared to ApoEP and ApoEC, showing an increase in ROS production in animals with periodontitis. The ApoEP+PBM group presented reduced levels when compared to animals in the ApoEP group, and the ApoEC group presented lower levels of hydrogen peroxide than the ApoEP+PBM group. Higher levels of lipid peroxidation were presented in the ApoEP group than in the ApoEC group and animals that received NIR-PBM had lower levels than untreated animals, implying that periodontitis increases oxidative stress, but PBM treatment decreases it. these levels. We conclude that in hypercholesterolemic animals, NIR-PBM is effective in reducing systemic disruptions involved in the progression and worsening of periodontal disease. Furthermore, further studies with longer evaluation times are needed to elucidate the effects of PBM on experimental periodontitis related to hypercholesterolemia.