A política na antessala do parlamento: imprensa e sociabilidades na formação da esfera pública de opinião em Vitória/ES, nos anos de 1840 a 1889

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Bastos, Fabíola Martins
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Doutorado em História; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em História
• Palavras-chave em Português: Press; Political sociability; Public sphere of opinion; Sphère publique de l'opinion; Presse; Sociabilité politique; Sociabilidade política; Opinião pública - Vitória (ES); Imprensa; Comunicação - Aspectos políticos; História; 93/99
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9318

In this thesis we discuss the creation of the sphere of public opinion in the city of Vitoria, in the 1800s. In this period, the political sociabilities broke new grounds, beyond the meetings in public environments of this city (streets and squares): the local newspapers, associations and clubs. We chose, as the main source for this research, the regular newspapers from Espírito Santo which were published in Vitoria between 1849 and 1889. We could notice, in these documents, a chance in the journalism-related activities in Espírito Santo, in the end of 1850s, when opposition press and opinion press started their activities in the capital city, which promoted the creation of another type of political sociability: the printed one. From 1860 to 1889, politics became a frequent theme in editorials and the political sociabilities increased their publicity in the printed form. Disputes between members of the local elite, elections and issues related to the public life in the province (and also in the country) started to be discussed in the press, in order to define values for local politics. Newspapers set a new political vocabulary and the articles published in this press became more general, since they favored themes of the public sphere related to politics in the province, material and intellectual development of the province, management of municipalities, sanitary condition of the capital, and others. In this time, we could notice the first uses of the expression of the public opinion in the press from Vitoria, in which the inhabitants of Espírito Santo were, at the same time, experiencing and defining such expression. Thus we saw the rise of public opinion as a resource to legitimize political practices, a symbolic move that transforms individual or sectoral opinions into general opinion. We interpret these changes in political sociabilities, expressed mainly in the press of Espírito Santo, as a process of creation of the public sphere of opinion. This sphere did not become a political-cultural void. Throughout the period studied, we acknowledge the experience of communication practices influenced by spoken language, such as hoaxes, and the streets as a place for political participation.