O pensamento liberal na Primeira República no Brasil (1889-1930) e seus reflexos na reconstrução da sociedade capixaba pelo viés da educação

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Duarte, Gerson Constância
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Doutorado em História; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em História
• Palavras-chave em Português: Education; Liberal thinking; Public instruction; Educational reform; Liberalism; Educación; Pensamiento liberal; Instrucción publica; Reforma de la educación; Pensamento liberal; Instrução pública; Liberalismo - Espírito Santo (Estado) - História - 1889-1930; Educação - Espírito Santo (Estado) - História - 1889-1930; Reforma do ensino - História - 1889-1930; Brasil - História - 1889-1930; História; 93/99
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9303

Our study discusses liberal thinkingin the First Republic (PrimeiraRepública) in Brazil (1889-1930), seeking to identify the actions taken by the government and by the Presidents of Espirito Santo in the process of reconstruction of the society through educational reform inspired by this political thought, on both national and state levels. The historical period that outlines the timeframe of our study represents the transition from Monarchist to Republican regimes in Brazil and involves political and social disputes over the rights that were beginning to stand out with the new regime.Given the issues that fall within this change, we find ourselves facing a new model of State that considers education as a strategy for the transformation of the country.It stood out a set of federal and state educational reforms aiming to animate and encourage primary and secondary education, towards the eradication of illiteracy in the country, by alternating moments of centralization and decentralization of educational policies. In Espirito Santo, a new mindset comes as of 1892, with Moniz Freire (1892 – 1896) and later with Jerônymo Monteiro (1908 – 1912) and Aristeu Borges de Aguiar (1928 – 1930), aiming to reform education in the state, thereby trying to potentially reduce the number of illiterates and taking education to the population. Thus, schools were created and new teaching methods were introduced in the capital and in the inner state.On this study, the methodology is to prioritize the historical-investigative method built on a qualitative approach by making a bibliographical research based on general and specific works on the subject; and on a documentary focus, by making the research on institutional sources, which provided technical and theoretical, conceptual and informative support in the elaboration of this work.Among the results of the actions taken by the educational reforms in Espirito Santo, we point out that these reforms have acted in order to encourage education in the capital and inner state but were not able to reach out the ideal of a broader educational background, since it was expanded to the people but the expansion of primary education was limited to inner state while secondary education was consolidated in the capital, through Escola Normal and its equivalents, in addition to GymnasioEspirito-Santense. The liberal thinking of transforming society through education had partial results, once it set up a primary education for people and a secondary education for the elite, for people who lived in the capital or for those who could afford sending their children to the capital for school.