A transfiguração das paisagens da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Maranguapinho no município de Maranguape – CE

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Maia, Ícaro Cardoso
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Geografia; Bacias hidrográficas; Gestão do território; Urbanização; Bacias hidrográficas - Ceará; Meio ambiente; Recursos hídricos - Desenvolvimento - Aspectos ambientais
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/7908

The objective of this research was to investigate the anthropogenic derivation of a headwatershed located in a metropolitan area: the portion of the watershed of the river Maranguapinho situated in the municipality of Maranguape (Ceará, Brazil). This territory refers to the presence of urban, rural and transitional, with peculiarities: these urban areas are located between mountains and the vast rural areas are associated with a metropolitan watershed that, downstream, runs through intense dynamic urban areas. Given that this study proposed to investigate the changes in landscape and environment, mainly originated by man in society, it became necessary to distinguish urban areas from the rest. For this, it was necessary to understand how are established the many forms of use and occupation of land and the water management in this territory, which leaded us to the identification of three landscape units according to their respective degrees of human disturbance. We also considered as a fundamental step, the contextualization of the studied territory, front to the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza, in view of the discussion on policies for water supply and sewerage services performed in their communities. Moreover, there was a discussion about the socio-environmental problem in areas of higher density housing, which was highlighted as a low type of housing located on the banks of watercourses, configured as one of the most striking forms of land use verified in the object of this research. This study revealed the precariousness of environmental management in rural areas with high incidence of deforestation on the banks of tributaries of the watershed as well as problems related to exposure of soil in areas surrounding the city. It was found also a high deficiency in care of sanitation of the city, which contributes to further deterioration of living conditions of social classes in conditions of poverty and the pollution of the urban water resources. The conclusion is that it is urgent and necessary to structure a territorial management (within the municipality) and a environmental management (within the watershed) which, respectively, are based on the integrated view of environmental impacts at the local scale and understanding the watershed as an integrated system, where interventions undertaken in amount areas are reflected in downstream areas