Elaboração de misturas em pó das polpas de acerola e mamão

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Araújo, Silas Rafael Figueiredo de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Ciência e tecnologia de alimentos; Isotermas; Higroscopicidade; Blend; Isotherms; Hygroscopicity; Acerola; Mamão; Polpa de frutas; Frutas desidratadas - Indústria
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/17976

The acerola tropical fruit and papaya are of great industrial interest for its nutritional and sensory characteristics. Due to the perishable nature of these fruits to adopt conservation methods is necessary. The present study aimed at obtaining "blends" powder from freeze-drying the pulp of acerola and papaya. First were performed compounds central rotational schedules, which evaluated the influence of lyophilization time and maltodextrin concentration and humidity on the hygroscopicity of the powders. From the results of the design were produced powders from acerola and papaya in optimal process conditions based on lower hygroscopicity, moisture was not considered by the planning because the powders obtained were within the standards established by Brazilian legislation. From the physico-chemical characterizations of the pulps and the pulps fresh powder was noticed good nutritional quality for both pulps primarily by ascorbic acid, in addition to considerable amounts of anthocyanins and carotenoids in relation to adsorption isotherms both the powders exhibited type III curves concave-shaped "J" typically associated with the food powders from fruit, yet papaya pulp powder showed reversal of the effect of temperature on adsorption capacity for water a range of water activity of 0,8. The Oswin model was the best fit curves for the prediction of the pulp powder at all temperatures analyzed for papaya pulp, the model proposed by BET was the best fit the data. Then experiment was conducted mixtures simplex centroid increased to three components (acerola pulp, papaya pulp and maltodextrin) to obtain the "blend" lyophilized powder, by determining the effect of the proportions of the mixture on the hygroscopicity , solubility, time and degree of rehydration Caking. The time lyophilization of "blends" was the simple arithmetic average between the times of lyophilization obtained by central composite design for the pulp powder acerola and papaya. The results of qualitative analysis of the mixture enabled the choice of test 6 with the proportions 25% acerola pulp, 50% papaya pulp and 25% maltodextrin as best assay for production of "blend" powder. The "blend" powder obtained under optimum conditions showed good physicochemical characteristics, in relation to sorption isotherms, the GAB model was the best fit the experimental data, where the curves were type III. Then there was the study of the stability of the "blend" powder in storage period of 20 days packed in polyethylene wrapped in aluminum foil. Thus, it was concluded that, after this storage period, the "blend" powder, the patient was still in powder form and has good chemical-physical characteristics and hygroscopic.