Autoeficácia de puérperas em amamentar: um estudo longitudinal

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Livia Maria Damasceno dos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Enfermagem; Aleitamento Materno; Autoeficácia; Promoção da Saúde
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/21790

The aim of this study was to evaluate the self-efficacy of women in the postpartum period for their potential to breastfeed. Longitudinal study of type panel. Conducted in the period May to December 2015, the study was divided into four stages: the first was made by direct contact with puerperal held in rooming unit (AC) District Hospital Gonzaga Mota of Messejana, in Fortaleza, Ceará. The three subsequent contacts were made by telephone through with 2, 4 and 6 months postpartum. The initial sample was 66 mothers. Data collection instruments contemplated sociodemographic, obstetric and current delivery and pregnancy. To evaluate the self-efficacy of women was used the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale Scale - Short Form (BSES-SF). As a result it was found that most of women presented high self-efficacy at baseline (N = 59; 89.4%) and the end (N = 27; 96.4%). There was no postpartum women with low self-efficacy. There was an association between all sociodemographic variables and BSES-SF scores at all stages of the study. As for age (p = 0.003 for women 18-35 years old), black and brown races (p = 0.001), having a partner (p = 0.013), women with over 9 years of study (p = 0.026), income family (p = 0.001), owner of the home (p = 0.012), living with up to two people (p = 0.001) and smoking (p = 0.001). Pertaining to obstetric history is observed statistical association between the number of abortions and self-efficacy (p = 0.001), primiparous (p = 0.003). The self-efficacy in nursing was positively influenced by the planning of pregnancy (p = 0.002), the guidance and encouragement that puerperal received from relatives (p = 0.001), health workers (p = 0.001), nurses (p = 0.007) and medical (p = 0.001), vaginally (p = 0.001), breast-feeding after birth (p = 0.006). It is observed that there was an increase of the average self-efficacy scale scores (M0-60, M1-64; M2-66,5; M3-64). It is noted that the study participants showed a high level of self-efficacy. Considering the sample size at the end of 60, 120 and 180 days respectively 44 (89.8%), 37 (88.1%) and 28 (80%) women were still breastfeeding their children. During the study 17 women stopped breastfeeding, the largest quantity of 180 days while 7 (20%) of women for some reason stopped breastfeeding. At the start of monitoring, even in the rooming, 100% of women practiced EBF. The AME showed progressive decline reaching 17.9% at 6 months. The results revealed that the practice of breastfeeding is influenced by social, economic, cultural and previous experiences of practice, so all of these variables must be taken into account in Breastfeeding promotion activities. The fact that women have high self-efficacy is not enough for it to maintain exclusive breastfeeding for recommended period of six months. Requiring the ongoing support of health professionals, especially nurses during breastfeeding.