Comparação dos estratos anatômicos das regiões ventroglútea e vasto lateral da coxa em recém-nascidos: análise da enfermagem para a prática de injeções.

Detalhes bibliográficos
Ano de defesa: 2014
Autor(a) principal: Lima, Beatriz Santana de Souza
Orientador(a): Não Informado pela instituição
Banca de defesa: Não Informado pela instituição
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
Idioma: por
Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Alagoas
Brasil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem
UFAL
Programa de Pós-Graduação: Não Informado pela instituição
Departamento: Não Informado pela instituição
País: Não Informado pela instituição
Palavras-chave em Português:
Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1505
Resumo: The understanding of the needs of the child becomes a significant element to enhance protective measures of the development of the newborn (NB). In order to provide a nursing care with quality, one should require a change in thinking and attitudes, which is only possible with the basis of scientific knowledge. It was observed a gap in national and international literature in relation to the best place for intramuscular injections in newborns. Accordingly, the objective was to comparatively analyze the anatomical strata (skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle) of ventrogluteal and vastus lateralis regions of thigh in full- term neonates regarding the effectiveness for intramuscular injections in relation to the 20x5,5mm needle. This is an evaluative, exploratory and quantitative research, developed in the sectors of Maternity and of Radiology and Images, situated in the Outpatient Unit of the University Hospital Professor Alberto Antunes (HUPAA), in Maceió/AL. The sample was composed of 100 full-term neonates, with collection period from the day of January 30th, 2013, to January 15th, 2014. Ethical aspects were respected (REC). For statistical analysis, tables containing descriptive statistics for each variable were elaborated. Quantitative variables were represented by average, standard deviation, median, minimum and maximum values. Nominal variables were represented by frequency and percentage. In order to investigate the correlation of quantitative variables, the Pearson’s coefficient was calculated. The comparison between groups was performed by means of ANOVA. A significance level of 5% was used. The analyses were processed through the use of the softwares R, version 3, and KNIME, version 2.8. As results, it was obtained a similar distribution between the genders in the sample, 50%. As for color, most are mixed (56%) and the lowest percentage corresponds to blacks (10%). Research subjects have an average of three days of life. The average and median weight found was 9.8219oz and the height was 18.9 inches. When the comparison of ventrogluteal (V) and vastus lateralis (L) regions in relation to the gender of NBs was separately evaluated, no significant differences were found, which indicates no difference between these measurements of regions and gender of the newborn. This was verified for all anatomical strata investigated in the study, with P-value> 0.35. The Strata of Muscle (L) and of Subcutaneous Skin (L) had a negative coefficient, but these and the other variables showed no correlation with age. With the exception of the stratum of Muscle (V) of the stratum of Subcutaneous Skin (V), which showed a weak correlation with BMI, the other variables did not indicated such correlation. Thus, it was found that both the ventrogluteal region and the vastus lateralis of thigh contain safe anatomical strata, regardless of gender and color, for the use of the 20x5,5mm needle in intramuscular injections in NB. Nevertheless, the vastus lateralis region showed a relatively higher stratum, with lowest stratum of subcutaneous tissue in comparison with the ventrogluteal region.