O papel da metáfora no discurso filosófico

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Cardoso, Marco Antonio
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Brasil; Departamento de Filosofia; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia; UEM; Maringá, PR; Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes
• Palavras-chave em Português: Filosofia da linguagem; Discurso filosófico; Metáfora; Estética; Brasil.; Metaphor; Philosophical discourse; Aesthetics; Philosophy of language; Brazil.; Ciências Humanas; Filosofia
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/2749

The relation between metaphor and philosophy is far from being clear, being considered by some authors as incompatible. Those who accept the metaphor in the philosophical discourse can be divided in two groups: the first, which considers the metaphor as an ornament in the text, not contributing to the acquisition of knowledge, and the second, which raises the metaphor's reach beyond a literary style. The modern theory of metaphor, created by Irvor Armstrong Richards, Max Black, Monroe Beardsley, and others, intends to reach the cognition of metaphor's use, since it considers the exchange of the substitution rhetorical theory to an interaction semantic theory. This paper intends to analyse metaphor guided by the studies of Paul Ricoeur. The author agrees partially with the cited authors, especially in the semantic theory, which, contrary to classic rhetoric, presents a metaphor-statement theory in opposition to metaphor-word theory, which is defended by the rhetorical tradition. Thus, the metaphorical reference is shifted to the sentence as a whole, not being merely lexical. The study of Paul Ricoeur demonstrates clearly the classical points of view and relocates them to a new level: the progression of word to sentence and sentence to discourse. He establishes the interaction theory as the most viable to explain the use of metaphorical terms in a text, nevertheless, his interpretation goes beyond the sentence, its reach is the discourse, and discourse understood as the common space between the metaphor theory and the hermeneutic theory.