Prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade e fatores associados em adolescentes do ensino médio de uma escola privada de Maringá-PR

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Walcir Ferreira
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Associado em Educação Física - UEM/UEL; UEM; Maringá, PR; Centro de Ciências da Saúde
• Palavras-chave em Português: Sobrepeso - Adolescente; Obesidade - Adolescente; Adolescente - Fatores de risco - Obesidade; Obesidade - Escolares - Maringá (PR); Ciências da Saúde; Educação Física
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/2273

Cardiovascular disease is considered a major public health problem, because of the high rate of global mortality. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify cardiovascular risk factors among adolescent students of a private educational institution located in the central region of Maringá. Were selected 519 students (59.9% female), aged between 14 and 17 years. Blood pressure was measured and classified according to the V National Guidelines on Hypertension Society of Cardiology; abdominal obesity was classified according to points of cuts proposed by Fernandez et al. (2004), while four categories were considered for determining overweight and obesity of schoolchildren, according to studies proposed by Conde and Monteiro (2006). The study on the epidemiological aspect is classified as either cross-sectional, descriptive prevalence. Rouquayrol (1990) defines research as the transversal epidemiological study in which factor and effect are observed in the same historical moment, also regarded as correlative to explore associations between variables (SON ALMEIDA; Rouquayrol, 1990). Boys had statistically significant higher mean values for girls in height (1.72 ± 0.06, 1.61 ± 0.06), and weight (69.25 ± 15.32, 56.08 ± 11.15) , was also found, mean body mass index higher than the averages of these girls (23.37 ± 4.67, 21.53 ± 3.83). The boys showed mean values of waist circumference (WC) (80.30 ± 13.44), higher than girls. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) found (128.88 ± 15.9) were higher for boys, while the average diastolic blood pressure (DBP) showed no statistically significant difference between the sexes. It can be seen 2.3% of girls classified as underweight, 24.1% of the total sample overweight and 8.1% obese, with a significantly higher prevalence of boys in these last two categories (14.8% and 5.4% respectively). Highlight for 24.1% of schoolchildren are overweight in this study pointed out, indicating almost a quarter of adolescents included in this category. Regarding the number of cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), 52.2% did not have any of the factors investigated, however, 29.5% of adolescents had at least one factor, 13.5%, two FRC, and 4, 8%, three associated factors. There is a moderate and significant correlation of SBP with BMI (r = 0.37, p <0.05), with WC (r = 0.35, p <0.05) and weight (r = 0, 45, p <0.05). In this study the prevalence of hypertension among overweight and obese tend to be higher for teens, without however mean causation. It was found that there is moderate to strong correlations statistically significant SBP with BMI, with WC and weight. Linear trend between SBP and BMI variables with an odds ratio of 3.727, and between SBP and WC with a Odds of 8.507. It can be concluded that the prevalence of CRF in the sample was high, warning of the need for programs to prevent overweight in this age group. The results of the study may have been limited by different factors, among them we can highlight: the blood pressure measurements were performed at a single moment, because it is a cross-sectional study, one should consider the possibility of not determine causality of outcomes, the fact that some teens did not attend physical education classes may have affected the results, even in the case of a private school, was not applied an instrument for checking the socioeconomic level of the school adolescents not we applied a tool for verifying the stress level of schoolchildren, the comparison between different studies may be influenced in interpreting the results due to the use of different age groups, different assessment protocols, using different cutoff points; highlights the difficulty in identifying regional and national estimates for the behavior of adolescent students.