Crotalária : herbicidas seletivos e não seletivos e reação a nematoides

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Braz, Guilherme Braga Pereira
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Brasil; Departamento de Agronomia; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia; UEM; Maringá, PR; Centro de Ciências Agrárias
• Palavras-chave em Português: Crotalaria spectabilis; Herbicida; Seletividade; Fitonematoides; Controle de plantas voluntárias; Plantas voluntárias; Controle; Brasil.; Control of voluntary plants; Selectivity of herbicides; Phytonematodes; Brazil.; Ciências Agrárias; Agronomia
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1123

Among the main problem that affects the agricultural production in Brazilian Savanna, cited the weeds and nematodes, which compromises the yield of several crops. Some weed species show potential to host these phytoparasitic. Crotalaria spectabilis (Family: Fabaceae) had increased in cultivated area in this region, mainly by the suppressive effect over nematodes populations, besides other benefits as nitrogen fixation and high biomass production. The suppression potential of each species of Crotalaria genus on nematodes is still little known, having doubts about the best species to be used for this purpose. By being in insertion phase, information about of the cultural practices that must be performed during the showy crotalaria cycle still scarce. Among the cultural practices necessary is the weed control that lives with these species. The cultivation of showy crotalaria results in the possibility of occur emergency flows of these plants species in crops sowed in succession. The present study had as main objectives evaluates: which weeds showed as hosts to Pratylenchus brachyurus, as well the suppressive effect of Crotalaria species over this nematode; the susceptibility of Crotalaria species and accessions from different countries to Belonolaimus longicaudatus; herbicides that can be applied in pre and postemergence of C. spectabilis to be used with different purposes (control of volunteer plants and selectivity). The results of this study showed that: in ascending order, P. oleracea, A. viridis and S. rhombifolia consisted in the weed species with higher total numbers of P. brachyurus by roots. Excluding C. juncea, all the other species of Crotalaria genus presented themselves as good options for management in areas infested with P. brachyurus. It was verified large variation in the susceptibility to sting nematode among different accessions of C. spectabilis. C. breviflora does not consist in a good species to be used in the management of areas infested by B. longicaudatus. The accessions of C. ochroleuca and C. juncea suppressed the sting nematode population. The best options aiming the control of volunteer plants of showy crotalaria in preemergence consists in the application of atrazine and diuron (both doses), besides the flumioxazin and fomesafen, both in higher doses. For postemergence applications, excluding diuron and fomesafen in lower dose, all the other treatments showed effectiveness in the control of showy crotalaria. The herbicides applied in postemergence imazethapyr (79.5 g ha-1), bentazon (576 g ha-1), flumiclorac (sequential application), besides the associations between clethodim + quizalofop can be used in the weed management of C. spectabilis crop.