Fatores de personalidade e funcionamento cognitivo em idosos portadores da Doença de Parkinson

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Chardosim, Neusa Maria de Oliveira
• Orientador(a): Argimon, Irani Iracema de Lima
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia Biomédica
• Departamento: Instituto de Geriatria e Gerontologia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Doença de Parkinson; Idosos; Personalidade; Funcionamento Cognitivo; Sintomas Depressivos
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA
• Link de acesso: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7601

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative and progressive disease of the central nervous system, which is characterized by neuronal death in the substantia nigra, with consequent decrease of dopamine, leading to typical motor alterations. In addition to the motor symptoms, cognitive and behavioral changes occur, which have been shown to be a preponderant factor for the worsening of the patients' disease. It is a disease whose prevalence increases with age, reaching 1% in individuals over 60 years. With the increase in life expectancy, it is estimated that millions of people in the world will be carriers of PD. Thus, the main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality factors, cognitive functioning and depressive and anxiety symptoms in the elderly with PD. In addition, it aimed to: a) characterize the cognitive functioning, personality factors and prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in elderly with PD; B) to verify relationships among the factors of personality, age, schooling, depressive symptoms and of anxiety and cognitive performance; C) analyze whether personality factors are predictors of the cognitive functioning of elderly with PD. This study had a cross-sectional, correlational and exploratory design. The sample was recruited for convenience, consisting of 30 elderly people with PD, aged 60-86 years (M = 68.97; SD = 6.35). Participants responded to a Sociodemographic Data Sheet, the NEO-FFI-R, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Beta-III (matrix reasoning), the verbal phonemic fluency test (FAS) and semantics (Animals), the subtests digits span of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III) and the Boston Naming Test and the word list of the CERAD battery, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and the Anxiety Inventory of Beck (BAI). The elderly with PD presented impairments in the functions of verbal episodic memory (immediate recall, late recall and recognition) and executive functions (abstract reasoning and problem solving). Among the elderly evaluated, 43% had depressive symptoms and 27% had anxiety symptoms. Participants demonstrated low levels of neuroticism, extroversion and openness to experience, and high levels ofagreeableness and conscientiousness. The extroversion factor was positively correlated with executive functions (verbal fluency) and the openness to experience factor was positively correlated with verbal episodic memory (late recall). Together, extroversion and aperture factors have been shown to be the strongest predictors of the performance of elderly with PD in verbal episodic memory tasks (late recall). The extroversion factor only contributes to the performance of the elderly with PD in memory tasks (immediate recall and recognition) and executive functions (verbal phonemic and semantic fluency). It is concluded that the elderly with DP present memory impairment and executive functions. The extroversion factor is the factor that contributes most to the performance of the elderly with PD in memory tasks and executive functions.