Desempenho e conformidade de biossorventes produzidos a partir de resíduos florestais e sua aplicação no tratamento de cromo de efluente industrial de galvanoplastia

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Fernanda Abreu dos
• Orientador(a): Pires, Marçal José Rodrigues
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais
• Departamento: Faculdade de Engenharia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS; PRODUTOS QUÍMICOS; CROMO - ASPECTOS AMBIENTAIS; RESÍDUOS - TRATAMENTO
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS
• Link de acesso: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/3242

The removal of chromium from effluents is usually done by chemical precipitation. Although relatively simple and economical, this process produces a large amount of sludge and furthermore, it may be necessary to apply a final polishing of the effluent to attain the emission limits. The treatment process by adsorption is an alternative method for removing metals, which conventionally is used the activated carbon, however this method is costly and can unfeasible your use. Thus, the main objective of this study is to develop a method suitable for use of forest residues from araucaria, pine and eucalyptus as biosorbents chromium from electroplating industrial effluent. The biosorbents used in the tests were prepared and characterized in powder form unwashed, powder subjected to washing and its aqueous extracts. The concentrations of Cr(VI) and Cr(III), as well as parameters of conformity were analyzed before and after treatment. The biosorption tests were performed in batch, continuous and mixed system (batch followed by mixed system), with dilute solutions containing Cr(VI) and Cr(III) and also with the effluent. The final destination of chromium adsorbed on solids was also studied. The results show that the method of biosorption, employed in this study, has the ability to remove chromium solutions / effluent, attain environmental limits. The pine is distinguished as the best biosorbent total chromium and eucalyptus produces the best extracts to reduce Cr(VI). Incineration is the most viable alternative for recovery of chromium adsorbed on biosorbents. The low cost, quantity and ease of preparation of biosorbents attending the conformities of use, should be taken into account when comparing feasibility of application.