Progresso técnico, mudança estrutural e condição de viabilidade da mudança técnica no centro, semiperiferia e periferia do capitalismo (1970-2019)

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Victor José Rocha de
• Orientador(a): Marquetti, Adalmir Antonio
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia do Desenvolvimento
• Departamento: Escola de Negócios
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Teoria do Sistema-Mundo; Progresso Técnico; Mudança Estrutural; Análise de Agrupamentos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: World-System Theory; Technical Progress; Structural Change; Clusters Analysis
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/10831

This study examined the technical progress, structural change, and the feasibility condition of technical change in the world economy, in the core, semi-peripheral, and peripheral countries from 1970 and 2019. The classification of countries into core, semi-peripheral, and peripheral is based on the cluster analysis methodology proposed by Hair (2009). The analysis of technical progress used a dispersion graph of labor and capital productivity growth rates. The feasibility of technical change was assessed by comparing the expected profit rate with the actual profit rate, following the framework of Foley, Mitch and Tavani (2018). Structural change was identified by the ratio of manufacturing added value to total added value. Among the 123 countries analyzed, the results indicated that from 1970 to 2019, 27.64% can be classified as core, 38,21% as semi-peripheral, and 34,15% as peripheral. Only 13,8% of these countries experienced mobility between these categories, with 8,94% of regressive mobility and 4,87% of progressive mobility. In 92% of cases, the world economy demonstrated the feasibility of technical change with a dominant Marx-biased pattern and, also, the study observed a declining profit rate and deindustrialization from the Neoliberalism phase onward. The core countries showed a feasibility rate of technical change in 96% of cases, the pattern of inputs-saving technical change with an increase in the stock of capital per work was dominant, there were industrialization and a growth tendency of the profit rate from the Neoliberalism phase onwards. The semi-peripheral group demonstrated a feasibility rate of technical change in 84% of cases, the Marx-biased pattern was dominant, there were a fall tendency of the profit rate and deindustrialization from the Neoliberalism onwards. The peripheral countries also indicated a feasibility rate of technical change in 84% of cases, the Marx-biased pattern was dominant, however, in contrast to the semi-peripheral group, a process of industrialization was observed. Among the countries that experienced progressive mobility between sets, technical change was feasible in 82% of cases, with a dominant Marx-biased pattern. A fall in the profit rate and industrialization were also observed. In contrast, among countries with regressive mobility, technical change was feasible in 54% of cases, with a dominant pattern of declining labor and capital productivities. There were deindustrialization and a growth tendency of the profit rate from the Neoliberalism phase onwards.