A recepção das idéias de Thomas Hobbes na sociedade Inglesa Seiscentista

• Ano de defesa: 2007
• Autor(a) principal: Kaufmann, Mariana Levit
• Orientador(a): Zaterka, Luciana
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em História da Ciência
• Departamento: História da Ciência
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Religião; Filosofia natural; Método lógico-matemático; Hobbes, Thomas > 1588-1679 > Critica e interpretacao; Ciencia > Historia
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::HISTORIA::HISTORIA DAS CIENCIAS
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13352

This dissertation analyzes some aspects of the philosophy of Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) that led to his involvement in a series of polemics in the seventeenth-century England. For the development of the subject, in a first step, we intend to discuss certain important aspects of his conception of religion in order to understand the reasons why the philosopher was called an atheist , spreader of heresies and enemy of the christian values. In a second step, we will discuss aspects that structure his natural philosophy, his vision of what is knowledge and what is world . Following up, we will make a comparison between two of the methods adopted by the philosophers involved in the polemics. On one side, the approach based on the deductive method, a priori, with a mathematical and logical character which was defended by the author of De Corpore while, on the other side, the methodology structured on the effects obtained through the experimentations of nature, a posteriori, which was adopted by many of the members of the Royal Society. We hope to clarify some of the main reasons why the polemics did take place, that might help us to better understand the discussions that involved the author of Leviathan e some of the members of the Royal Society, specially Robert Boyle (1627-1691) and John Wallis (1616-1703). We therefore intend to obtain the explicit reasons why Hobbes was considered a threat to other thinkers and ecclesiastics of his time. In this way, we will analyze fundamental hobbesian ideas like his conception of God, his critics to the immortality of the soul as well as his structure of a totally necessary world. We will observe in which way such ideas became dangerous to society and how his critics saw them. At last, was the image built over the atheist Hobbes, in fact, related to his belief in God?