A sabedoria em Aristóteles: a educação como um instrumento necessário à justiça social

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Davanço Neto, Gilberto
• Orientador(a): Chalita, Gabriel
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Direito
• Departamento: Faculdade de Direito
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Aristóteles; Educação; Estado; Ética; Justiça
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Aristotle; Education; Ethics; Justice; State
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/27202

This academic work, based on the wisdom in Aristotle, aims to answer the question of how it is possible to build a just, orderly and virtuous society (polis), so that all citizens can achieve the supreme good, that is, eudaimonía, which is the goal of ethics in Aristotle. For this task, the exploratory inductive method is used, through the bibliographical revision of Aristotle's works and, from the point of view of relevant scholars of these texts. Such answer is sought considering that there are the moral deviations of citizens, that is, the extremes that occur in excess and scarcity when deliberating their wills, which reflect on the polis. To solve this issue, Aristotle demonstrates the need for humanistic education (paideia). In a way, education occurs through habit, through reiterated and prudent actions, which aim at the middle ground between the extremes of scarcity and excess. In this way, by deliberating their virtues in excellence, citizens will be able to achieve Areté. Moreover, the just actions of citizens will reflect in a virtuous cycle between polis and citizens. However, for it to be possible for citizens to have the necessary conditions to achieve the Ate and later the eudaimonia, it is necessary that the polis (State) offers the means for this realization, that is, the social emancipation of the human being. For this, the polis needs to guarantee basic human rights to its citizens. In the conclusion of this dissertation, we can see that the Right to education is fundamental to the guarantee of Human Dignity. Because it provides equality and freedom to citizens. Thus, citizens may obtain the necessary conditions to deliberate freely and prudently their wills in society. Moreover, they will be able to contribute with their wealth, that is, their knowledge. Thus, building a fair society, in an egalitarian and freeway. In such a way, providing social justice to all citizens, that is, the social emancipation of the human being