Estresse e hipertensão arterial de trabalhadores de enfermagem em um hospital de pronto socorro

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Urbanetto, Janete de Souza
• Orientador(a): Figueiredo, Carlos Eduardo Poli de
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre
• Palavras-chave em Português: MEDICINA; HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL; ESGOTAMENTO PROFISSIONAL; ENFERMAGEM - EMERGÊNCIA; TRABALHADORES - SAÚDE; ESTRESSE; SAÚDE FÍSICA
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/10923/4607

INTRODUCTION: Stress in the workplace has been studied in search for associations with the ailment of workers and repercussions in health. Among the references for evaluation of stress at work, the Karasek’s Demand-Control Model, has been used to relate stress in the workplace with the risk of disease and the implications for health. This model relates two psychosocial dimensions to the risk of diseases, psychological demand and control over the work. The short version, called Job Stress Scale (JSS), is validated for use in Brazil. The dimensions demand and control, separated into low and high, form the quadrants of the Demand-Control Model: high strain (high demands and low control); active work (high demands and high control); passive work (low demand and low control) and low strain (low demand and high control). Workers in the high strain and passive work quadrants would have greater chance of illness; while in the low strain would have better conditions of health preservation. Systemic hypertension is considered one of the major modifiable risk factors and one of the most important health problems. OBJETIVE: To investigate nursing workers in an emergency hospital with the Demand-Control Model using the Job Stress Scale. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 388 members of the nursing staff working at Hospital de Pronto Socorro from Porto Alegre. Blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, sociodemographic variables and the Job Stress Scale were evaluated. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension was 32%, and its presence had a positive association with age, non-white skin color, body mass index and waist/hip ratio. No association between hypertension and the quadrants of the demand-control model were disclosed. However, risk quadrants for illness (passive work and high strain) were associated with other cardiovascular risk factors, such as overweight and obesity, and 59. 7% of hypertensive workers were in these quadrants. In the analysis of stress at work, accordingly to the demand-control model, there was significant association of the high strain quadrant with the post of technical/assistant nurse, with being for at least 15 years in the job and with low social support. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The prevalence of hypertension, overweight and obesity were elevated in nursing professionals at the Hospital de Pronto Socorro. Stress, by Job Stress Scale, was not associated with the occurrence of hypertension. Policies targeted to the health of the worker are strategies needed in order to achieve to achieve better health, disease prevention and quality of life at work of the nursing professionals.