Desenvolvimento de um exercitador lombar automático microcontrolado na prevenção da lombalgia relacionada à postura sentada

• Ano de defesa: 2007
• Autor(a) principal: Kleinowski, Airton Luis
• Orientador(a): Russomano, Thaís
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre
• Palavras-chave em Português: BIOMECÂNICA; POSTURA; COLUNA VERTEBRAL; DOR LOMBAR; ENGENHARIA
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/10923/3208

The lumbar pain or low back pain has been considered one of more common musclesesquelectical alterations in the industrialized societies, which limits the work, mainly in individuals with less than 45 years old. It is believed that 80% of the world population had or will have one lumbar pain episode in some period of the life. Most of those pains are caused by muscular problems, in general for retractions of muscles due the incorrect posture, physical effort, repetitive movements in inadequate way and genetic predisposition. The seating posture, inherent to several professions as airplane pilots, drivers, call attendants center and still school and domestic activities, it has also been pointed as causal factor of the mechanical lumbar pain. This posture determines a smaller energy expense, when compared with the posture in foot, but if maintained to long periods, overloads passive structures of the lumbar column as ligaments, articulate capsule, fasciae and intervertebral disc, that are rich in nociceptors, provoking pain. Passives or actives exercises in this segment stimulate mecanoceptors that inhibit the nociceptors, preventing and controlling the mechanical lumbar pain. Objective - This study aimed at to develop a prototype that accomplishes ritmates passives movements of the lumbar column in the seating posture in an automatic way, being used resources and knowledge of the mecatronics engineering, biomechanics and human health. Method - As base, a lumbar support was used with an inflatable component available in the market, being joined to this electromechanical resources, penumatics and computer science. Microcontroled Automatic Lumbar Exercitator, was developed in the Center of Microgravity of PUCRS University. Results - The prototype provides ritmates and controlleds movements in automatic way by a system manager to the lumbar column in the seating posture. It is easily handling, portable and low cost. It can be used without restriction by anybody that adopts the seating posture for longs periods and that wants to prevent or to control the mechanical lumbar pain.