Detalhes bibliográficos
| Ano de defesa: |
2017 |
| Autor(a) principal: |
PASQUINI, HENRIQUE ADAM |
| Orientador(a): |
Basile, Luis Fernando Hindi |
| Banca de defesa: |
Rezende, Manuel Morgado,
Vizzotto , Marília Martins,
Alvarenga , Milkes Yone,
Silva , Alair Pedro Ribeiro de Souza e |
| Tipo de documento: |
Tese
|
| Tipo de acesso: |
Acesso aberto |
| Idioma: |
por |
| Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Metodista de Sao Paulo
|
| Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Psicologia da Saude
|
| Departamento: |
Psicologia da Saude:Programa de Pos Graduacao em Psicologia da Saude
|
| País: |
Brasil
|
| Palavras-chave em Português: |
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| Palavras-chave em Inglês: |
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| Área do conhecimento CNPq: |
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| Link de acesso: |
http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1737
|
Resumo: |
Background: Attention is considered the basis for the execution of all higher cognitive abilities. Martial arts are regarded as important in health promotion: improving general health, physical and mental balance, psychological well being and various cognitive skills. Researchers agree with the view that martial arts experts show improved cognitive skills, especially regarding attention, gathering imporntant information during fighting, and chosing the most important at any given moment. Purpose: The aim of this work was to test wether the regular practice of Aikido significantly changes attention and its physiological correlates. Method: The sample consisted in two groups, one of experienced practitioners of Aikido, in a range of proficiency (n=10), and a control group, of individuals with no experience in martial arts (n=10). Their high-resolution EEG data (256 channels), obtained during four task conditions (quiet resting, sustained attention, CPT and Stroop), were analysed by the computation of total power in three frequency bands (and their commonly used ratios) (spectral analysis) and task-related induced bandpower in individual-specific narrow bands (time-frequency analysis). The topographic distributions of peak induced bandpower were also computed. Results: The main findings of the study may be summarized, on the one hand, as significant positive correlations between the time of practice of Aikido and: (1) total theta power, (2) theta/beta ratio (both absolute and induced power) and (3) both total and induced alpha power during the quiet resting task; and on the other hand, as significant negative correlations between the time of practice of Aikido practice and both total and task-induced theta power during the attention tasks. Discussion: Regarding the quiet resting task: enhanced theta power and theta/beta ratio support the hypothesis that regular practice of Aikido promotes a distinct allocation of cortical resources for full attention to the environment; whereas enhanced alpha with regular Aikido practice would correspond to a relaxed attentive state with inhibition of unnecessary or conflicting processes for task execution. Regarding the attention tasks: reduced theta power values support the idea that regular Aikido practice modulates theta activity in a manner that, in particular moments when attention must be recruited and the remaining environment must be ignored, its observed reduction would correspond to the restriction of stimulus detection to predictable place and timing. Conclusion: Our findings represent putative physiological correlates of the time of practice of Aikido. They corroborate the research that points to alpha power during rest as a predictor of efficacy of performance during high attentional demands. Theta power, on its turn, may be considered an indirect correlate of the adequate attention to the environment, being related to the adjustments for stimulus detection and action. This may explain its difference in amplitude between the attention tasks and quiet resting. |
