Big data analytics para o desenvolvimento humano: um estudo no Governo Federal Brasileiro

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Henriques, Andre Coelho Vaz
• Orientador(a): Cunha, Maria Alexandra Viegas Cortez da
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Ciência de dados; Abordagem das capacidades; ICT4D
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Big data; Analytics; Data science; Capabilities approach
• Link de acesso: https://hdl.handle.net/10438/30403

The spread of the internet, social networks, mobile applications and sensor networks, in addition to reducing data storage and computing costs, give rise to an ubiquitous and growing digital record called big data analytics (BDA), giving rise to a new mentality analytical. While the strategic value of data processed by algorithms is undeniable from the business point of view, the potential of using big data analytics for development needs to be further explored. Thus, structured on the basis of the theoretical review of BDA and evidence-informed policy, combined with the Capability Approach (CA) and the information and communication technologies for development (ICT4D), this research examines how big data analytics can promote human development from government agents. To this end, it identifies BDA solutions, examining their transparency; it identifies the resources required for its adoption, as well as proposes ways to deal with its scarcity; analyzes conditions that can support and restrict the adoption of big data analytics; and proposes a data chain model focused on BDA. The work has an exploratory approach, and data analysis is carried out based on in-depth interviews, document analysis and field notes. As a result, the work identifies that BDA applications can generate solutions for the production of data, in which possible innovations are evidenced from the quality, speed and wealth of data; and based on available data, in which solutions related to education, health and combination of databases are identified. With regard to data transparency, this study identifies interference attempts by governments, sometimes seeking to hide or omit undesirable data, in which scientific evidence appears, if at all, to play merely a secondary role. As for the resources needed to make the technology feasible, factors not addressed in the literature are identified, including aspects related to data digitization, database sharing, technical leadership, data-oriented culture and nuances related to data quality. Regarding the conditions that may favor their adherence, the main motivator identified in the study is related to increased efficiency, despite the literature pointing out that the gains with the adoption of technology are mainly due to innovation. The work also finds that the adoption of technology competes with other demands of the public service, including the focus on day-to-day activities, the unavailability of professionals to make it feasible, the need to attend to more basic issues in terms of technology and uncertainty of the results generated. The study also proposes a system to support data producers and users, providing feedback based on users' needs. Finally, by combining the use of BDA technology to promote human development, in addition to generating insights for the scientific field with big data analytics solutions, this work can contribute to the theory of ICT4D and to the CA. From a practical point of view, the study promotes reflections on how government agents can take advantage of BDA applications to promote human development, generating reflections on the wide range of opportunities in this regard.