Avaliação da inflamação do tecido adiposo em ratos obesos e diabéticos tratados com melatonina

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Miqueleto, Diandra
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Positivo; Brasil; Pós-Graduação; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia Industrial; UP
• Palavras-chave em Português: Biotecnologia industrial; Obesidade; Tecido adiposo; Melatonina; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/2297

The population has been showing a very rapid and frequent weight gain, which generates many obesity conditions. One of the main factors related to this disease is the increase in inflammatory processes ofthe adipose tissue. This inflammation leads to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, which further promote inflammation and decrease insulin sensitivity, and TNF-α, which causes insulin resistance by decreasing insulin signaling. There is also a decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, which suppresses signal transduction for proinflammatory cytokines. All of these factors generated in obesity lead to promoting other comorbidities, such as type II Diabetes Mellitus. In an attempt to minimize the undesirable effects of this disease, researchers look for various adjuvant treatments, such as melatonin, a hormone secreted by the pineal gland. This substance has a sleep-inducing effect and its mechanism of action is related to the circadian cycle, responsible for the release of a variety of hormones in the body. Studies show that melatonin has several anti-inflammatory actions, significantly decreasing the concentration of TNF-α and increasing the amount of IL-10, thus helping to decrease inflammation. The present study aims to verify whether melatonin has an anti-inflammatory action in obesity and diabetes. For this, 16 male Wistar rats were studied, asthey developed obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) by means of a high-calorie diet. After induction, two groups were created: the Melatonin group (MG), consisting of 8 rats; and the control group (CG), also consisting of 8 rats. Both groups followed the same diet, and the only difference was melatonin supplementation, as the MG received the melatonin,while the CG received saline in the same volume by the same route of administration and the same frequency as the melatonin administered in the MG, during the 8-week period. The results obtained in this research demonstrated a lack of effect of melatonin, since there was no statistically significant difference in the analysis of periepididimal fat (p = 0.6825), subcutaneous fat (p = 0.3781), infiltrated TNF-α ( p = 0.3333) and IL-10 infiltrate (p = 0.3108). Therefore, the results showed that melatonin did not interfere in any of the parameters evaluated, indicating that in the dose used there was no effect of this substance.