Identificação dos períodos críticos de incêndios florestais para Presidente Prudente – SP

• Autor(a) principal: Tessedor, Dário Henrique
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UTFPR (da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (RIUT))
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/26899
• topic: Incêndios florestais - Previsão; Mudanças climáticas; Precipitação (Meteorologia); Forest fire forecasting; Climatic changes; Precipitation (Meteorology); CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS

Forest fires are one of the serious environmental problems that affect many countries, dramatically increasing the extent of burned areas. The occurrence and spread of forest fires are strongly associated with climatic conditions. The variables that most influence the occurrence of fire are: humidity, resistance, temperature, solar radiation, combustible material, vegetation cover. As a consequence, we have habitat fragmentation, health impacts, loss of biodiversity, soil erosion; the intensification of the greenhouse effect, through the emission of gases into the atmosphere; and the decrease in local atmospheric quality. Fire hazard indices are numbers that reflect a probability of a fire occurring, as well as how easily it can spread, based on the atmospheric conditions of the day or a sequence of days. The study aimed to identify the periods of risk of forest fire risks in Presidente Prudente - SP by applying the Monte Alegre Formula. Occurrence data and relative humidity at 1:00 pm from the Climatological station of Presidente Prudente for the years 2005 to 2020 were used. Fire occurrence data were extracted from satellite information, made available through the official website of the Burning Database - BDQUEIMADAS, of the National Institute for Space Research - INPE. Warm and rainy periods (October to March) and mild and dry (April to September) were indicated. It was possible to identify 426 outbreaks for the period studied. It can be seen that 24 and 37% of the days were classified as High and Very High, respectively. There was a tendency for hot spots to concentrate in the High and Very High hazard classes, where the average value of the occurrence of outbreaks observed in the classes was 16.2 and 74.2%. Of the total number of fire outbreaks, 78.6% occur from May to September, months that have the lowest average rainfall. It was identified that the most mandatory periods of fire occurrence are the autumn and winter seasons.