Uso da semente da Moringa oleifera no tratamento de água em corpos lênticos: estudo de caso Lago Igapó II

• Main Author: Belisário Junior, João Carlos
• Publication Date: 2016
• Format: Bachelor thesis
• Language: por
• Source: Repositório Institucional da UTFPR (da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (RIUT))
• Download full: http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/12001
• topic: Água - Qualidade - Medição; Água - Purificação; Coagulantes; Water quality - Measurement; Water - Purification; Coagulants; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA

The objective of this term paper was to evaluate the efficiency of the coagulation / flocculation / sedimentation / filtration processes using organic coagulant (Moringa oleifera) in the treatment of water from a lentic system (Lago Igapó II), located in Londrina – PR, through physical and chemical parameters. Water was collected at two points in the lake, in the inlet and at the outlet. The treatment took place with the use of jar-test equipment with the same conditions of fast mixing and flocculation used in the ETA of the Sanitation Company of Paraná (SANEPAR). The sedimentation time was 30 minutes. The granulometry of the sand used in the filters was the same, in the range of 0.600 to 0.850 mm. A pre-test was performed to determine the best concentration of the organic coagulant saline solution to be applied. After the pre-test, the best concentrations were: C1 3 mg.L-1, C2 6 mg.L-1 and C3 9 mg.L-1. In addition, it was necessary to correct the pH of the samples in order to evaluate the behavior of the organic coagulant at different pH levels. After the tests, a study was carried out on the removal of turbidity, apparent color and total solids, and the analysis of the behavior of the parameters pH, electrical conductivity, temperature and OD of the water after the coagulation / flocculation / sedimentation processes and after the filtration process. It was verified that for the parameters turbidity and apparent color, the concentration C2 (6 mg.L-1) and the pH around 7 (neutral) presented the highest removal efficiencies, being above 99%. Confirming the results obtained in the statistical analysis. In the analysis of total solids some technical and equipment failures made the presented results out of the reality, affecting the analyzes of this parameter. For the parameters temperature and dissolved oxygen the results did not have much change, remaining close to the values of the raw water for the pH, all concentrations did not present great variations when compared to the crude sample, in addition the results prove the efficiency of the coagulant in different pH levels. The concentration C3 (9 mg.L-1) presented the highest values of electrical conductivity, followed by C2 (6 mg.L-1) and C1 (3 mg.L-1). Only test 2 of item 1 (entry) did not meet the maximum values allowed by Ministry of Health Ordinance 2914/11 for parameters apparent color and turbidity, all other tests are in accordance. The results proved the efficiency of the organic coagulant extracted from Moringa oleifera seeds for the treatment of water in lentic systems.