Efeito da suplementação de ômega-3 em um modelo animal de esquizofrenia induzido por cetamina

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Canever, Lara
Publication Date: 2012
Format: Master thesis
Language: por
Source: Repositório Institucional da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc)
Download full: http://repositorio.unesc.net/handle/1/1368
Summary: Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências da Saúde.
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spelling Efeito da suplementação de ômega-3 em um modelo animal de esquizofrenia induzido por cetaminaÁcidos graxos ômega-3EsquizofreniaFator neurotrófico derivado do cérebroDissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências da Saúde.The estimated new cancer cases worldwide in 2007 were 12 million, with 5.4 million cases diagnosed in developed and 6.7 millions in developing countries. The number of cancer-related deaths was 7.6 million, 2.9 million in developed and 4.7 million in developing countries. Malignant neoplasm ranks second (12.5%) as causes of death worldwide, surpassed by cardiovascular causes (19.6%). Gastric Cancer (GC) ranks fourth as the most frequent cause of cancer worldwide, with one million new cases in 2007, behind lung, breast and colon and rectum. 70% of new cases occur in developing countries. Currently, GC is the second most common cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 800,000 deaths annually. In Brazil, estimates for 2010 point to the occurrence of 489,270 new cases of cancer, and the GC occupying fifth place in attendance with 21,500 new cases. The acquisition of the migratory behavior of cancer cells is a prerequisite to break up organized tissue structures, invade and metastasize. Recently, the expression of proteins that block actin has been associated with the invasive behavior of tumors. The Cofilin is an actin-blocking protein, which regulates the actin cytoskeleton to maintain and depolymerize actin filaments. The interest for cofilin and its cascade have increased because of its relationship with tumor invasion, metastasis and be a potential prognostic factor in cancer. We conducted a retrospective study, observational, descriptive and analytical. We used all the pathological reports of patients undergoing gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma between June 2002 and June 2009, totaling 130 cases. Of these, 44 cases were selected randomly. The average age of patients was 68 years, with 63.6% of male sex. In assessing the depth of invasion, advanced lesions with involvement beyond the submucosa corresponded with 72.7% of cases. The diffuse type in Lauren's classification was the most prevalent with 68.1%. The bacterium H. pylori was positive in 72.7% of carcinomas. Lymph nodes involvement accounted for 70.4% of cases. At the end of the study 56.8% of patients were alive. When applied statistical tests to assess the relationship of cofilin with the other independent variables, only the depth of tumor invasion and the presence of positive lymph node were statistically significant. In conclusion, despite the cofilin is present in locally advanced tumors and lymph node metastases, and the small number of patients in the sample, we cannot conclude that it can be used as a prognostic factor.Schizophrenia is considered a neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorder severe that usually affects the individual in the young stage. For this reason, prevention and early diagnosis become a goal to improve the long-term results. The omega 3 fatty acids (ω-3) have demonstrated efficacy for preventing the conversion of schizophrenia in a population of ultra high risk. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of ω-3 through behavioral and biochemical parameters in an animal model of schizophrenia induced by ketamine. The research used 144 male Wistar rats 30 days old that were separated into two groups for administration of ω-3 or vehicle for 15 days. Subsequently, these groups were subdivided into four groups of 12 mice for intervention with ketamine or saline for 7 days. The locomotor activity, social interaction test and memory tests were evaluated at day 52 of life of the animals. The blood was collected minutes before the animals were killed and serum obtained after 24 hours to evaluate the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The animals were sacrificed after the behavioral tests and striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus extracted for mRNA BDNF expression analysis. The results showed, for the times of 5, 10 and 15 minutes, there was an increase in locomotor activity in the ketamine group compared to control. It was observed in group ω-3 plus ketamine that hyperlocomotion caused by ketamine was prevented at 10 and 15 minutes upon administration of ω-3. Regarding the social interaction test, it was found that animals treated with ketamine did not show difference in latency to the start of the test compared to the control group. However, showed less contacts with each other, as well as a lower total time of interaction when compared to the control. The group ω-3 plus ketamine did not show impaired social interaction. This study showed that there was significant impairment of immediate memory, short and long term in the ketamine treated group compared to control. In group ω-3 plus ketamine, memories immediate, short and long term have been preserved. Serum levels of BDNF were significantly higher in ω-3 plus ketamine group compared to control, ω-3 and ketamine group. The results of the expression mRNA BDNF showed no significant difference among the four groups analyzed in different brain regions. These findings prove that the administration of ω-3 prevents the positive symptoms, negative and cognitive impairment in an animal model of schizophrenia induced by ketamine in the prodromal phase, providing thus, important evidence for future clinical trials in confirming the use of ω-3 to prevent this disorder. It also reinforces the beneficial role of fatty acids in brain protection of individuals at ultra high risk for psychosis.Zugno, Alexandra IoppiCanever, Lara2012-12-05T23:24:41Z2012-12-05T23:24:41Z20122012-12-05info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.unesc.net/handle/1/1368Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinenseporreponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc)instname:Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc)instacron:UNESCinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2015-08-25T01:57:34Zoai:repositorio.unesc.net:1/1368Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesc.net/oai/requestrepositorio@unesc.net.opendoar:2015-08-25T01:57:34Repositório Institucional da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc) - Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Efeito da suplementação de ômega-3 em um modelo animal de esquizofrenia induzido por cetamina
title Efeito da suplementação de ômega-3 em um modelo animal de esquizofrenia induzido por cetamina
spellingShingle Efeito da suplementação de ômega-3 em um modelo animal de esquizofrenia induzido por cetamina
Canever, Lara
Ácidos graxos ômega-3
Esquizofrenia
Fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro
title_short Efeito da suplementação de ômega-3 em um modelo animal de esquizofrenia induzido por cetamina
title_full Efeito da suplementação de ômega-3 em um modelo animal de esquizofrenia induzido por cetamina
title_fullStr Efeito da suplementação de ômega-3 em um modelo animal de esquizofrenia induzido por cetamina
title_full_unstemmed Efeito da suplementação de ômega-3 em um modelo animal de esquizofrenia induzido por cetamina
title_sort Efeito da suplementação de ômega-3 em um modelo animal de esquizofrenia induzido por cetamina
author Canever, Lara
author_facet Canever, Lara
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Zugno, Alexandra Ioppi
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Canever, Lara
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Ácidos graxos ômega-3
Esquizofrenia
Fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro
topic Ácidos graxos ômega-3
Esquizofrenia
Fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro
description Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências da Saúde.
publishDate 2012
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2012-12-05T23:24:41Z
2012-12-05T23:24:41Z
2012
2012-12-05
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://repositorio.unesc.net/handle/1/1368
url http://repositorio.unesc.net/handle/1/1368
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.coverage.none.fl_str_mv Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc)
instname:Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc)
instacron:UNESC
instname_str Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc)
instacron_str UNESC
institution UNESC
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc)
collection Repositório Institucional da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc) - Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv repositorio@unesc.net.
_version_ 1832920178337251328

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