Efeito de diferentes modos de polinização sobre características dos frutos de Physalis peruviana L. (Solanaceae)

• Main Author: Pavanelo, Anderson Machado
• Publication Date: 2015
• Format: Bachelor thesis
• Language: por
• Source: Repositório Institucional da UFFS (Repositório Digital da UFFS)
• Download full: https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/983
• topic: Polinização; Abelhas; Cerro Largo (RS); Physalis peruviana L.; Pequenas frutas

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different modes of pollination on production and fruit quality of Physalis peruviana L. (Solanaceae), a self- compatible species, pollinated by bees and who also perform self-pollination. The experiment was conducted in the city of Cerro Largo / RS, using 20 individuals grown in pots. Pollination treatments were: 1. cross-pollination by hand with emasculated flowers, 2. self-pollination by hand 3. Natural self-pollination and 4. Open pollination. 60 flowers were used per treatment, and the flowers of the treatments 1, 2 and 3, bagged in advance button. The following variables were evaluated: Weight, seed number, diameter, height and number of fruits formed. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and means compared by the Scott-Knott test, at 5% significance level. The fruit weight and number of seeds differed significantly in all treatments, with the highest values recorded in the fruits resulting from cross hand pollination, followed by open pollination. The diameter and height of fruit did not differ between the cross-pollination treatments (manual, spontaneous). However, these variables values were significantly higher in these treatments, when compared to the values resulting from self-pollination treatments (manual, spontaneous). The number of fruits formed showed no significant differences among the four pollination treatments. Considering only the insusceptible pollination treatments occur in the natural environment, the fruits formed by open pollination were 35% heavier, diameter and height 17% larger and 56% more seed produced from the treatment of spontaneous self-pollination. Were found in the flowers of P. peruviana eight species of bees, representatives of the families Apidae, Colletidae and Halictidaes. The study results show that cross-pollination results in higher quality fruit of P. peruviana. Yet, although P. peruviana be able to self-pollination and self-pollination, cross pollination by bees adds greater economic value to its fruits.