Measurement of lead concentration in biological tissues by atomic spectroscopy techniques

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Guimarães, Diana Filipa Carmo
Publication Date: 2011
Language: eng
Source: Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
Download full: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/6805
Summary: Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics
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spelling Measurement of lead concentration in biological tissues by atomic spectroscopy techniquesEDXRFETAASTXRFUSLELeadBiological samplesDissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in PhysicsLead is a toxic element that has no biological role. To increase the knowledge of the mean lead concentrations accumulated and excreted by the organism, a study was developed to measure lead concentrations, using different atomic spectrometry techniques, in several tissues and excretions of Wistar rats. These rats were divided in two groups: one exposed to lead since foetal period, by lead acetate in drinking water, and a control group, not exposed to lead. By collecting samples of rats with different ages it was also studied the influence of age in lead concentrations. The studied organs and excretions were: iliac bone, tibia-fibula, femur, skull, liver, kidney, urine and faeces. When conducting a study like this, the analytical techniques used the knowhow and the ability to understand the physical processes occurring are also of major relevance. In this work it was used the Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) technique to analyze the solid samples and the Electro Thermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (ETAAS) technique to analyze the urine. To carry on with the urine analysis it was developed an Ultrasound Solid-Liquid Extraction (USLE) procedure. This procedure was also applied to analyse brain samples. The Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF) technique was also used to study urine samples and to assess some of the results obtained with ETAAS. In this work, several correlations between the different tissues were found. A possible evidence of pre-natal exposure was verified because the samples belonging to rats with 1 month old presented much higher mean lead concentrations than the concentrations, measured in works of other authors, of rats exposed to lead but not from foetal period. Furthermore, this study seems to corroborate that lead ingestion decreases with age, once it was measured a decrease of lead excretion by faeces with age. It was observed that lead concentration in tissues depends on the type of tissue. Mean lead concentrations measured were higher in bones (iliac, femur, tibia-fibula>skull) - hundreds of ppm, then in kidney - dozens of ppm and finally in liver on the order of ppm. The urine samples had the lowest mean lead concentrations on the order of hundreds/thousands of ppb, and faeces the highest mean lead concentrations, with values of dozens of thousands of ppm. One of the main contributions of this work was to show that lead accumulation and excretion decreases with age by plateaus in all tissues except in the kidneys.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - PhD Grant (SFRH/BD/38788/2007); European Community Fund FEDER through the COMPETE - Project No. PEstOE/FIS/UI0303/2011Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaSantos, José PauloLeonardo, Maria LuísaRUNGuimarães, Diana Filipa Carmo20112011-01-01T00:00:00Zdoctoral thesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/6805TID:101287038enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiainstacron:RCAAP2024-05-22T17:10:03Zoai:run.unl.pt:10362/6805Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireinfo@rcaap.ptopendoar:https://opendoar.ac.uk/repository/71602025-05-28T16:40:51.209695Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Measurement of lead concentration in biological tissues by atomic spectroscopy techniques
title Measurement of lead concentration in biological tissues by atomic spectroscopy techniques
spellingShingle Measurement of lead concentration in biological tissues by atomic spectroscopy techniques
Guimarães, Diana Filipa Carmo
EDXRF
ETAAS
TXRF
USLE
Lead
Biological samples
title_short Measurement of lead concentration in biological tissues by atomic spectroscopy techniques
title_full Measurement of lead concentration in biological tissues by atomic spectroscopy techniques
title_fullStr Measurement of lead concentration in biological tissues by atomic spectroscopy techniques
title_full_unstemmed Measurement of lead concentration in biological tissues by atomic spectroscopy techniques
title_sort Measurement of lead concentration in biological tissues by atomic spectroscopy techniques
author Guimarães, Diana Filipa Carmo
author_facet Guimarães, Diana Filipa Carmo
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Santos, José Paulo
Leonardo, Maria Luísa
RUN
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Guimarães, Diana Filipa Carmo
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv EDXRF
ETAAS
TXRF
USLE
Lead
Biological samples
topic EDXRF
ETAAS
TXRF
USLE
Lead
Biological samples
description Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics
publishDate 2011
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2011
2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv doctoral thesis
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10362/6805
TID:101287038
url http://hdl.handle.net/10362/6805
identifier_str_mv TID:101287038
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
instacron_str RCAAP
institution RCAAP
reponame_str Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
collection Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
repository.mail.fl_str_mv info@rcaap.pt
_version_ 1833596108927926272

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