Plant-based dietary patterns and ultra-processed food consumption
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Publication Date: | 2024 |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | eng |
Source: | Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) |
Download full: | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/175993 |
Summary: | Funding Information: National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research, World Cancer Research Fund.This study is supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research (SPHR) (Grant Reference Number NIHR 204000). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. Funding for grant IIG_FULL_2020_033 was obtained from World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF UK), as part of the World Cancer Research Fund International grant programme. CM is supported by the NIHR Global Health Research Centre on NCDs and Environmental Change (NIHR203247). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of study findings, writing of the report, or decision to submit the paper for publication. Where authors are identified as personnel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, the authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under Application Number 29239. The authors would like to thank the participants of the UK Biobank study. Funding Information: This study is supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research (SPHR) (Grant Reference Number NIHR 204000). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. Funding for grant IIG_FULL_2020_033 was obtained from World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF UK), as part of the World Cancer Research Fund International grant programme. CM is supported by the NIHR Global Health Research Centre on NCDs and Environmental Change (NIHR203247). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of study findings, writing of the report, or decision to submit the paper for publication. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 |
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Plant-based dietary patterns and ultra-processed food consumptiona cross-sectional analysis of the UK BiobankFlexitarianPlant-based dietUltra-processed foodsVeganVegetarianMedicine(all)SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingFunding Information: National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research, World Cancer Research Fund.This study is supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research (SPHR) (Grant Reference Number NIHR 204000). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. Funding for grant IIG_FULL_2020_033 was obtained from World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF UK), as part of the World Cancer Research Fund International grant programme. CM is supported by the NIHR Global Health Research Centre on NCDs and Environmental Change (NIHR203247). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of study findings, writing of the report, or decision to submit the paper for publication. Where authors are identified as personnel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, the authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under Application Number 29239. The authors would like to thank the participants of the UK Biobank study. Funding Information: This study is supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research (SPHR) (Grant Reference Number NIHR 204000). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. Funding for grant IIG_FULL_2020_033 was obtained from World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF UK), as part of the World Cancer Research Fund International grant programme. CM is supported by the NIHR Global Health Research Centre on NCDs and Environmental Change (NIHR203247). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of study findings, writing of the report, or decision to submit the paper for publication. Publisher Copyright: © 2024Background: Dietary shift towards more plant-based options is increasingly popular, but the quantity of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) they contain is largely unknown. This study assessed the level of UPF and minimally processed food consumption among regular and low red meat eaters, flexitarians, pescatarians, vegetarians and vegans in a large dataset of United Kingdom (UK) adults. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of the UK Biobank participants recruited between December 19, 2006, and October 1, 2010. Responses to food frequency questions were used to identify diet types for vegans (never eating any animal-based foods); vegetarians (never eating meat/fish); pescatarians (never eating meat); flexitarians (consumed fish/meat under twice a week); low red meat eaters (consumed fish/poultry more than once a week but red/processed meat under twice a week); and regular red meat eaters (consumed red/processed meat more than once a week). Consumption of all food and drinks collected in 24-h recalls between April 29, 2009, and June 28, 2012, were categorised using the Nova classification. The primary outcomes are the consumption of UPFs and minimally processed foods, expressed as a percentage of daily food intake (grams/day). Multivariable linear regression assessed the mean percentage point difference in UPF and minimally processed food consumption between diet types. Findings: This study included 199,502 UK Biobank participants (mean age 58.2 [standard deviation 7.9] years; 55.1% women). The mean UPF consumption was 24.2%, 21.9%, 22.0%, 20.4%, 23.8%, and 22.7% among 75,091 regular red meat eaters, 70,144 low red meat eaters, 45,057 flexitarians, 4932 pescatarians, 4119 vegetarians and 159 vegans, respectively. The adjusted results suggested that compared with regular red meat eaters, UPF consumption was 1.3 percentage points higher among vegetarians (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9, 1.7) and lower among low red meat eaters (−1.3, 95% CI: −1.4, −1.1), flexitarians (−0.8, 95% CI: −1.0, −0.7), and pescatarians (−1.6, 95% CI: −1.9, −1.2). The UPF consumption in vegans were not significantly different from regular red meat eaters (1.2 percentage points, 95% CI: −0.7, 3.2). Minimally processed food consumption was higher in all other types of diet than regular red meat eaters, with an adjusted percentage point difference ranged from 0.4 (95% CI: 0.005, 0.9) for vegetarians to 3.2 (95% CI: 1.0, 5.5) for vegans compared with regular red meat eaters. Interpretation: This UK-based study found higher UPF consumption in vegetarian diets and lower in diets with a modest amount of meat or fish. It is important that policies which encourage the urgently needed transition to more sustainable dietary patterns also promote rebalancing diets towards minimally processed foods. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research, World Cancer Research Fund.Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública (CISP/PHRC)Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) - Pólo ENSPEscola Nacional de Saúde Pública (ENSP)RUNChang, KiaraParnham, Jennie C.Rauber, FernandaLevy, Renata B.Huybrechts, IngeGunter, Marc J.Millett, ChristopherVamos, Eszter P.2024-11-28T23:11:21Z2024-122024-12-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/175993eng2589-5370PURE: 103924027https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102931info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiainstacron:RCAAP2025-03-31T01:54:30Zoai:run.unl.pt:10362/175993Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireinfo@rcaap.ptopendoar:https://opendoar.ac.uk/repository/71602025-05-28T19:16:52.456696Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiafalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Plant-based dietary patterns and ultra-processed food consumption a cross-sectional analysis of the UK Biobank |
title |
Plant-based dietary patterns and ultra-processed food consumption |
spellingShingle |
Plant-based dietary patterns and ultra-processed food consumption Chang, Kiara Flexitarian Plant-based diet Ultra-processed foods Vegan Vegetarian Medicine(all) SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being |
title_short |
Plant-based dietary patterns and ultra-processed food consumption |
title_full |
Plant-based dietary patterns and ultra-processed food consumption |
title_fullStr |
Plant-based dietary patterns and ultra-processed food consumption |
title_full_unstemmed |
Plant-based dietary patterns and ultra-processed food consumption |
title_sort |
Plant-based dietary patterns and ultra-processed food consumption |
author |
Chang, Kiara |
author_facet |
Chang, Kiara Parnham, Jennie C. Rauber, Fernanda Levy, Renata B. Huybrechts, Inge Gunter, Marc J. Millett, Christopher Vamos, Eszter P. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Parnham, Jennie C. Rauber, Fernanda Levy, Renata B. Huybrechts, Inge Gunter, Marc J. Millett, Christopher Vamos, Eszter P. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública (CISP/PHRC) Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) - Pólo ENSP Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública (ENSP) RUN |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Chang, Kiara Parnham, Jennie C. Rauber, Fernanda Levy, Renata B. Huybrechts, Inge Gunter, Marc J. Millett, Christopher Vamos, Eszter P. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Flexitarian Plant-based diet Ultra-processed foods Vegan Vegetarian Medicine(all) SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being |
topic |
Flexitarian Plant-based diet Ultra-processed foods Vegan Vegetarian Medicine(all) SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being |
description |
Funding Information: National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research, World Cancer Research Fund.This study is supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research (SPHR) (Grant Reference Number NIHR 204000). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. Funding for grant IIG_FULL_2020_033 was obtained from World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF UK), as part of the World Cancer Research Fund International grant programme. CM is supported by the NIHR Global Health Research Centre on NCDs and Environmental Change (NIHR203247). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of study findings, writing of the report, or decision to submit the paper for publication. Where authors are identified as personnel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, the authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under Application Number 29239. The authors would like to thank the participants of the UK Biobank study. Funding Information: This study is supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research (SPHR) (Grant Reference Number NIHR 204000). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. Funding for grant IIG_FULL_2020_033 was obtained from World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF UK), as part of the World Cancer Research Fund International grant programme. CM is supported by the NIHR Global Health Research Centre on NCDs and Environmental Change (NIHR203247). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of study findings, writing of the report, or decision to submit the paper for publication. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 |
publishDate |
2024 |
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2024-11-28T23:11:21Z 2024-12 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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eng |
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2589-5370 PURE: 103924027 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102931 |
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