The upper respiratory tract microbiota of healthy adults is affected by Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, smoking habits, and contact with children

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Paulo, A. Cristina
Publication Date: 2023
Other Authors: Lança, João, Almeida, Sónia T., Hilty, Markus, Sá-Leão, Raquel
Format: Article
Language: eng
Source: Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
Download full: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/165715
Summary: Funding Information: This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), I.P., through MOSTMICRO-ITQB R&D Unit (UIDB/04612/2020, UIDP/04612/2020) and LS4FUTURE Associated Laboratory (LA/P/0087/2020). JL and STA were supported by FCT grants UI/BD/153385/2022 and SFRH/BD/108380/2015, respectively. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.
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spelling The upper respiratory tract microbiota of healthy adults is affected by Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, smoking habits, and contact with childrenHealthy adultsMicrobiotaNasopharynxOropharynxStreptococcus pneumoniaeMicrobiologyMicrobiology (medical)Funding Information: This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), I.P., through MOSTMICRO-ITQB R&D Unit (UIDB/04612/2020, UIDP/04612/2020) and LS4FUTURE Associated Laboratory (LA/P/0087/2020). JL and STA were supported by FCT grants UI/BD/153385/2022 and SFRH/BD/108380/2015, respectively. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.Background: The microbiota of the upper respiratory tract is increasingly recognized as a gatekeeper of respiratory health. Despite this, the microbiota of healthy adults remains understudied. To address this gap, we investigated the composition of the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal microbiota of healthy adults, focusing on the effect of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, smoking habits, and contact with children. Results: Differential abundance analysis indicated that the microbiota of the oropharynx was significantly different from that of the nasopharynx (P < 0.001) and highly discriminated by a balance between the classes Negativicutes and Bacilli (AUC of 0.979). Moreover, the oropharynx was associated with a more homogeneous microbiota across individuals, with just two vs. five clusters identified in the nasopharynx. We observed a shift in the nasopharyngeal microbiota of carriers vs. noncarriers with an increased relative abundance of Streptococcus, which summed up to 30% vs. 10% in noncarriers and was not mirrored in the oropharynx. The oropharyngeal microbiota of smokers had a lower diversity than the microbiota of nonsmokers, while no differences were observed in the nasopharyngeal microbiota. In particular, the microbiota of smokers, compared with nonsmokers, was enriched (on average 16-fold) in potential pathogenic taxa involved in periodontal diseases of the genera Bacillus and Burkholderia previously identified in metagenomic studies of cigarettes. The microbiota of adults with contact with children resembled the microbiota of children. Specifically, the nasopharyngeal microbiota of these adults had, on average, an eightfold increase in relative abundance in Streptococcus sp., Moraxella catarrhalis, and Haemophilus influenzae, pathobionts known to colonize the children’s upper respiratory tract, and a fourfold decrease in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Conclusions: Our study showed that, in adults, the presence of S. pneumoniae in the nasopharynx is associated with a shift in the microbiota and dominance of the Streptococcus genus. Furthermore, we observed that smoking habits are associated with an increase in bacterial genera commonly linked to periodontal diseases. Interestingly, our research also revealed that adults who have regular contact with children have a microbiota enriched in pathobionts frequently carried by children. These findings collectively contribute to a deeper understanding of how various factors influence the upper respiratory tract microbiota in adults. [MediaObject not available: see fulltext.]Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB)RUNPaulo, A. CristinaLança, JoãoAlmeida, Sónia T.Hilty, MarkusSá-Leão, Raquel2024-04-02T23:18:30Z2023-122023-12-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/165715eng2049-2618PURE: 72615133https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-023-01640-9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiainstacron:RCAAP2024-05-22T18:20:06Zoai:run.unl.pt:10362/165715Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireinfo@rcaap.ptopendoar:https://opendoar.ac.uk/repository/71602025-05-28T17:50:51.492871Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The upper respiratory tract microbiota of healthy adults is affected by Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, smoking habits, and contact with children
title The upper respiratory tract microbiota of healthy adults is affected by Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, smoking habits, and contact with children
spellingShingle The upper respiratory tract microbiota of healthy adults is affected by Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, smoking habits, and contact with children
Paulo, A. Cristina
Healthy adults
Microbiota
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Microbiology
Microbiology (medical)
title_short The upper respiratory tract microbiota of healthy adults is affected by Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, smoking habits, and contact with children
title_full The upper respiratory tract microbiota of healthy adults is affected by Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, smoking habits, and contact with children
title_fullStr The upper respiratory tract microbiota of healthy adults is affected by Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, smoking habits, and contact with children
title_full_unstemmed The upper respiratory tract microbiota of healthy adults is affected by Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, smoking habits, and contact with children
title_sort The upper respiratory tract microbiota of healthy adults is affected by Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, smoking habits, and contact with children
author Paulo, A. Cristina
author_facet Paulo, A. Cristina
Lança, João
Almeida, Sónia T.
Hilty, Markus
Sá-Leão, Raquel
author_role author
author2 Lança, João
Almeida, Sónia T.
Hilty, Markus
Sá-Leão, Raquel
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB)
RUN
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Paulo, A. Cristina
Lança, João
Almeida, Sónia T.
Hilty, Markus
Sá-Leão, Raquel
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Healthy adults
Microbiota
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Microbiology
Microbiology (medical)
topic Healthy adults
Microbiota
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Microbiology
Microbiology (medical)
description Funding Information: This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), I.P., through MOSTMICRO-ITQB R&D Unit (UIDB/04612/2020, UIDP/04612/2020) and LS4FUTURE Associated Laboratory (LA/P/0087/2020). JL and STA were supported by FCT grants UI/BD/153385/2022 and SFRH/BD/108380/2015, respectively. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-12
2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
2024-04-02T23:18:30Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10362/165715
url http://hdl.handle.net/10362/165715
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 2049-2618
PURE: 72615133
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-023-01640-9
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
instacron_str RCAAP
institution RCAAP
reponame_str Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
collection Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
repository.mail.fl_str_mv info@rcaap.pt
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