A Green Chemistry Approach to Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Levulinate
| Main Author: | |
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| Publication Date: | 2024 |
| Other Authors: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | eng |
| Source: | Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) |
| Download full: | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/178565 |
Summary: | project PTDC/EQU-EPQ/1039/2021. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors. |
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A Green Chemistry Approach to Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Levulinatedeep eutectic systemesterificationlevulinic acidmechanochemistrymicrowavesultrasoundsCatalysisEnvironmental Science(all)Physical and Theoretical Chemistryproject PTDC/EQU-EPQ/1039/2021. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.Esterification of levulinic acid with ethanol was investigated using deep eutectic systems based on choline chloride and oxalic or p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalysts under conventional heating and alternative energy inputs, namely microwave, ultrasound, and mechanochemical treatment. The experiments were performed under varying operating conditions such as catalyst type and loading, alcohol to carboxylic acid molar ratio, temperature, or time. The obtained results demonstrate the overall better catalytic performance of the p-toluenesulfonic acid-based deep eutectic mixture in comparison with the oxalic acid-based analogue. The best results: levulinic acid conversion of 76% and 58%, for p-toluenesulfonic and oxalic acid containing deep eutectic systems, respectively, with 100% selectivity for both cases, were achieved for microwave-assisted synthesis with 5 wt.% of catalyst and excess alcohol to acid (molar ratio 5), at 413.15 K and for 10 min. The main advantage of all of the alternative activation methods studied (microwaves, ultrasounds, and ball mill processing) was the significant reduction in the reaction time.LAQV@REQUIMTERUNSušjenka, MartinaPrašnikar, FranJakovljević Kovač, MartinaMolnar, MajaFernandes, LuzNunes, Ana Vital MarquesDuarte, Ana Rita CruzZakrzewska, Małgorzata Ewa2025-02-06T21:20:51Z2024-122024-12-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/178565eng2073-4344PURE: 108319760https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14120842info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiainstacron:RCAAP2025-02-10T01:40:01Zoai:run.unl.pt:10362/178565Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireinfo@rcaap.ptopendoar:https://opendoar.ac.uk/repository/71602025-05-28T19:46:54.214979Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiafalse |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
A Green Chemistry Approach to Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Levulinate |
| title |
A Green Chemistry Approach to Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Levulinate |
| spellingShingle |
A Green Chemistry Approach to Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Levulinate Sušjenka, Martina deep eutectic system esterification levulinic acid mechanochemistry microwaves ultrasounds Catalysis Environmental Science(all) Physical and Theoretical Chemistry |
| title_short |
A Green Chemistry Approach to Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Levulinate |
| title_full |
A Green Chemistry Approach to Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Levulinate |
| title_fullStr |
A Green Chemistry Approach to Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Levulinate |
| title_full_unstemmed |
A Green Chemistry Approach to Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Levulinate |
| title_sort |
A Green Chemistry Approach to Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Levulinate |
| author |
Sušjenka, Martina |
| author_facet |
Sušjenka, Martina Prašnikar, Fran Jakovljević Kovač, Martina Molnar, Maja Fernandes, Luz Nunes, Ana Vital Marques Duarte, Ana Rita Cruz Zakrzewska, Małgorzata Ewa |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Prašnikar, Fran Jakovljević Kovač, Martina Molnar, Maja Fernandes, Luz Nunes, Ana Vital Marques Duarte, Ana Rita Cruz Zakrzewska, Małgorzata Ewa |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
LAQV@REQUIMTE RUN |
| dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Sušjenka, Martina Prašnikar, Fran Jakovljević Kovač, Martina Molnar, Maja Fernandes, Luz Nunes, Ana Vital Marques Duarte, Ana Rita Cruz Zakrzewska, Małgorzata Ewa |
| dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
deep eutectic system esterification levulinic acid mechanochemistry microwaves ultrasounds Catalysis Environmental Science(all) Physical and Theoretical Chemistry |
| topic |
deep eutectic system esterification levulinic acid mechanochemistry microwaves ultrasounds Catalysis Environmental Science(all) Physical and Theoretical Chemistry |
| description |
project PTDC/EQU-EPQ/1039/2021. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors. |
| publishDate |
2024 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-12 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z 2025-02-06T21:20:51Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| format |
article |
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publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10362/178565 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10362/178565 |
| dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
| language |
eng |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
2073-4344 PURE: 108319760 https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14120842 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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reponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia instacron:RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) |
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Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) |
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Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
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info@rcaap.pt |
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1833598322549456896 |