Occupational exposures to organic dust in irish bakeries and a pizzeria restaurant
| Main Author: | |
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| Publication Date: | 2020 |
| Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | eng |
| Source: | Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) |
| Download full: | http://hdl.handle.net/10451/54351 |
Summary: | © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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Occupational exposures to organic dust in irish bakeries and a pizzeria restaurantAspergillusAzole resistance screeningMicrobial contaminationMycotoxinsOccupational exposure assessment© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).For decades, occupational exposure to flour dust has been linked to a range of respiratory diseases, including occupational asthma, thought to result from exposure to fungi present in the flour. Antifungal resistance is of increasing prevalence in clinical settings, and the role of occupational and environmental exposures, particularly for specific fungal species, is of concern. Occupational exposure to flour dust can occur in a range of occupational settings, however, few studies have focused on restaurant workers. The objective of this study was to measure occupational exposure to flour and microbial contamination, including azole resistance screening, in two small commercial bakeries and in a pizzeria. Personal full shift inhalable dust measurements were collected from workers, and were analyzed for inhalable dust and fungi, bacteria, azole resistance, and mycotoxins. Samples of settled dust were collected, and electrostatic dust cloths (EDC) were deployed and analyzed for microbial contamination, including azole resistance screening, and mycotoxins. Geometric mean exposures of 6.5 mg m-³ were calculated for inhalable dust, however, exposures of up to 18.30 mg m-³ were measured-70% of personal exposure measurements exceeded the occupational exposure limit for flour dust of 1.0 mg m-³. The air and EDC fungal counts were similar to those reported in previous studies for similar occupational environments. The fungi were dominated by Penicillium genera, however Aspergillus genera, including Fumigati and Flavi sections, were observed using culture-based methods, and the Fumigati section was also observed by molecular tools. Both Aspergillus sections were identified on the azole resistance screening. Mycotoxins were also detected in the settled dust samples, dominated by deoxynivalenol (DON). The role of environmental exposure in both the development of antimicrobial resistance and the total mycotoxin body burden is a growing concern; therefore, the presence of azole-resistant fungi and mycotoxin contamination, although low in magnitude, is of concern and warrants further investigation.This research was funded by FCT-Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia grant number (02/SAICT/2016 project no. 23222) and co-financed by Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and the Polish Minister of Science and Higher Education (grant no. 008/RID/2018/19). Funding was also obtained from the MSc Occupational and Environmental Health & Safety programme at the National University of Ireland, Galway to complete the study. This work was supported by FCT-Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia and by MSc Occupational and Environmental Health & Safety programme at the National University of Ireland. The project is co-financed by Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and the Polish Minister of Science and Higher Education, under program “Regional Initiative of Excellence” in 2019–2022 (grant no. 008/RID/2018/19) and Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (PPN/BIL/2018/1/00231).MDPIRepositório da Universidade de LisboaViegas, CarlaFleming, Gerard T. A.Kadir, AbdulAlmeida, BeatrizCaetano, Liliana AranhaGomes, Anita Q.Twarużek, MagdalenaKosicki, RobertViegas, SusanaCoggins, Ann Marie2022-09-07T13:34:09Z20202020-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/54351engMicroorganisms. 2020 Jan 15;8(1):11810.3390/microorganisms80101182076-2607info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiainstacron:RCAAP2025-03-17T14:48:11Zoai:repositorio.ulisboa.pt:10451/54351Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireinfo@rcaap.ptopendoar:https://opendoar.ac.uk/repository/71602025-05-29T03:25:11.510864Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiafalse |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Occupational exposures to organic dust in irish bakeries and a pizzeria restaurant |
| title |
Occupational exposures to organic dust in irish bakeries and a pizzeria restaurant |
| spellingShingle |
Occupational exposures to organic dust in irish bakeries and a pizzeria restaurant Viegas, Carla Aspergillus Azole resistance screening Microbial contamination Mycotoxins Occupational exposure assessment |
| title_short |
Occupational exposures to organic dust in irish bakeries and a pizzeria restaurant |
| title_full |
Occupational exposures to organic dust in irish bakeries and a pizzeria restaurant |
| title_fullStr |
Occupational exposures to organic dust in irish bakeries and a pizzeria restaurant |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Occupational exposures to organic dust in irish bakeries and a pizzeria restaurant |
| title_sort |
Occupational exposures to organic dust in irish bakeries and a pizzeria restaurant |
| author |
Viegas, Carla |
| author_facet |
Viegas, Carla Fleming, Gerard T. A. Kadir, Abdul Almeida, Beatriz Caetano, Liliana Aranha Gomes, Anita Q. Twarużek, Magdalena Kosicki, Robert Viegas, Susana Coggins, Ann Marie |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Fleming, Gerard T. A. Kadir, Abdul Almeida, Beatriz Caetano, Liliana Aranha Gomes, Anita Q. Twarużek, Magdalena Kosicki, Robert Viegas, Susana Coggins, Ann Marie |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
| dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Viegas, Carla Fleming, Gerard T. A. Kadir, Abdul Almeida, Beatriz Caetano, Liliana Aranha Gomes, Anita Q. Twarużek, Magdalena Kosicki, Robert Viegas, Susana Coggins, Ann Marie |
| dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Aspergillus Azole resistance screening Microbial contamination Mycotoxins Occupational exposure assessment |
| topic |
Aspergillus Azole resistance screening Microbial contamination Mycotoxins Occupational exposure assessment |
| description |
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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2020 |
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2020 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z 2022-09-07T13:34:09Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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article |
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publishedVersion |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10451/54351 |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10451/54351 |
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eng |
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eng |
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Microorganisms. 2020 Jan 15;8(1):118 10.3390/microorganisms8010118 2076-2607 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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MDPI |
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MDPI |
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