O Modernismo na Arquitectura e na Arquitectura Paisagista em Portugal. projectos conjuntos, ideias, contextos, formas.

• Main Author: Cristina do Amaral Tavares Proença Alegria
• Publication Date: 2012
• Format: Master thesis
• Language: por
• Source: Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
• Download full: https://hdl.handle.net/10216/80396
• topic: Artes; Arts

Since the beginning of the humankind, "the place" has had a special meaning and has always implied a relationship with the landscape, thus transforming it. As Landscape Architecture is a discipline that works with landscape and nature as primordial elements, its connection with Architecture is understandable, since the interference of both modifies the scenery giving it new meanings. Humanized landscape is the final objective of Landscape Architecture, which tries its best to serve man and re-establish the balance of the ecological system. Both disciplines have a projectual character and work with space, as the priority element, with the purpose of serving society. For the above referred, the present dissertation has as its first goal a reflection on the relationship between Architecture and Landscape Architecture, in a specific period, the Modernism in Portugal. During this length of time, both disciplines shared the same ideology, in spite of applying it in different ways, and consequently there is a huge variety of common projects. For this investigation, four case studies were chosen according to different architectural typologies, pointing out their affinity with the surrounding space, which is, itself, different in each studied case. The first chapters focus on a general content, the place of both arts in History and the consequent contextualization of the four chosen case studies, far from pretending to re-write what has already been studied by historians or by architects, the aim is to contribute to an attentive, concise reflection on the two disciplines. By studying these examples, it becomes clear that all these projects innovated not only the relation building/landscape, which reflect the principles of the International Modernism (the so-called "Quarter on pilotis"and Caloust Gulbenkian Foundation) but also the constructions deeply associated with nationalism imposed during the New-State regime (National Stadium and the Sacor workers´Quarter), two moments that characterize national modernist production. These case studies also emphasize the importance of ecological structures in a town, both at a public, or half-public and private levels, as the well-known kitchen gardens in Sacor Quarter. The present research accentuates both the importance of a sensible use of natural territorial resources so that they could contribute to design the landscape and the introduction of new challenges arisen from a new life style in that historical period, which enabled a wide range of experiments. "The landscape architect has to coordinate scientists´ activity and indicate them the sort of information he needs, and afterwards conceive and order space so that everybody can have its own placeplants, birds, men and the sea!"( Cabral, 1978). The very same occurs with Architecture, which has to articulate its activity with other areas in order that man can feel happy and part of the territory.