Human demographic insights from paleogenetic studies of American and Iberian skeletal remains

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Rada, Xavier Roca
Publication Date: 2022
Language: eng
Source: Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
Download full: https://hdl.handle.net/10316/107299
Summary: Documentos apresentados no âmbito do reconhecimento de graus e diplomas estrangeiros
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spelling Human demographic insights from paleogenetic studies of American and Iberian skeletal remainsHuman demographicpaleogenetic studiesAmericanIberianskeletal remainsDocumentos apresentados no âmbito do reconhecimento de graus e diplomas estrangeirosThe study of the past through the examination of preserved genetic material from ancient remains has revolutionised the fields of archaeology, anthropology, and evolutionary biology. Ancient DNA can be used as a tool to tackle several questions from a narrow to a broad view, i.e., from a specific archaeological context to global demographic processes. Indeed, in this thesis I covered a large range of projects following this perspective, grouping them according to their respective geographical area: Iberia, Mesoamerica, and the Southern Cone of South America. Part I focuses on the Iberian Peninsula, the westernmost edge of Eurasia and probably one of the most distant regions during the peopling of the continent. In Chapter I, I describe a 1,000-year-old case of Klinefelter’s Syndrome, from an individual unearthed at the mediaeval archaeological site of Torre Velha (Portugal). This work provides an unprecedented integration of morphological, osteological, and genetic evidence to confirm the clinical diagnosis. It also introduces a novel statistical implementation that allows to probabilistically assign individuals to karyotypes based on the number of reads mapping to the X, Y, and autosomal chromosomes. In Chapter II, I investigate the genetic context of the Mas d’en Boixos (MDB) archaeological site—located in the central Pre-littoral depression of Catalonia, Spain—analysing two individuals from the Middle Neolithic, nine from the Early Bronze Age and three previously published from the Iron Age. I infer kinship relationships between individuals buried in close proximity, determine diachronic genetic changes at MDB, contextualise MDB within the rest of Iberia and investigate the Bronze Age transition in Iberia. Part II focuses on the study of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, a historical and cultural region in Central America whose people probably carried an invaluable genetic diversity partly lost during the Spanish conquest and the subsequent colonial period. In Chapter III, I review previously published ancient DNA studies in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica. Despite a rich archaeological record and Indigenous cultural diversity, aDNA studies are limited and have thus far focused on the study of mitochondrial DNA regions. In Chapter IV, I investigate the past genetic history of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica by analysing 25 newly sequenced ancient genomes from five different archaeological sites across Mesoamerica spanning the time periods between 320 and 1,400 CE. Despite the small sample size, this chapter offers the first (and ongoing) Mesoamerican aDNA genetic screening that includes full mitogenomes and nuclear data. Part III focuses on the Southern Cone of South America (SCSA), a key study region to build a comprehensive picture of the peopling of the Americas as it is geographically the most distant location from the entry point, Beringia. In Chapter V, I investigate the early peopling of the SCSA analysing eighteen ancient human mitochondrial genomes—seven of which are novel— from three Early to Late Holocene (10,000–1,500 years ago) archaeological sites from the understudied Argentinian Pampas and assessing its influence in the southernmost regions.2022-10doctoral thesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10316/107299https://hdl.handle.net/10316/107299engRada, Xavier Rocainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiainstacron:RCAAP2023-06-29T09:58:21Zoai:estudogeral.uc.pt:10316/107299Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireinfo@rcaap.ptopendoar:https://opendoar.ac.uk/repository/71602025-05-29T05:58:22.257066Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Human demographic insights from paleogenetic studies of American and Iberian skeletal remains
title Human demographic insights from paleogenetic studies of American and Iberian skeletal remains
spellingShingle Human demographic insights from paleogenetic studies of American and Iberian skeletal remains
Rada, Xavier Roca
Human demographic
paleogenetic studies
American
Iberian
skeletal remains
title_short Human demographic insights from paleogenetic studies of American and Iberian skeletal remains
title_full Human demographic insights from paleogenetic studies of American and Iberian skeletal remains
title_fullStr Human demographic insights from paleogenetic studies of American and Iberian skeletal remains
title_full_unstemmed Human demographic insights from paleogenetic studies of American and Iberian skeletal remains
title_sort Human demographic insights from paleogenetic studies of American and Iberian skeletal remains
author Rada, Xavier Roca
author_facet Rada, Xavier Roca
author_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Rada, Xavier Roca
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Human demographic
paleogenetic studies
American
Iberian
skeletal remains
topic Human demographic
paleogenetic studies
American
Iberian
skeletal remains
description Documentos apresentados no âmbito do reconhecimento de graus e diplomas estrangeiros
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-10
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv doctoral thesis
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10316/107299
https://hdl.handle.net/10316/107299
url https://hdl.handle.net/10316/107299
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
instacron_str RCAAP
institution RCAAP
reponame_str Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
collection Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
repository.mail.fl_str_mv info@rcaap.pt
_version_ 1833602533734481920

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