The association between the 5Cs and anxiety - insights from three countries: Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Kozina, Ana
Publication Date: 2021
Other Authors: Gómez-Baya, Diego, Matos, Margarida Gaspar de, Tomé, Gina, Wiium, Nora
Format: Article
Language: eng
Source: Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
Download full: http://hdl.handle.net/10451/55650
Summary: Copyright © 2021 Kozina, Gomez-Baya, Gaspar de Matos, Tome and Wiium. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
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spelling The association between the 5Cs and anxiety - insights from three countries: Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain5CsPortugalSloveniaSpainAdolescenceAnxietyCopyright © 2021 Kozina, Gomez-Baya, Gaspar de Matos, Tome and Wiium. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Several of the most frequent psychological difficulties in childhood and adolescence are related to anxiety and lead to numerous short- and long-term negative outcomes in emotional, social, and academic domains. Empirical evidence consistently shows that the 5Cs (competence, caring, confidence, connection, and character) of Positive Youth Development (PYD) are positively related to adolescents' contribution to self, family, and society as well as negatively related to risky behaviors and emotional difficulties, such as anxiety. Thus, the PYD can be one of the models that informs prevention programs. To provide contextualized, data-driven support for prevention efforts, we have analyzed the predictive value of the 5Cs for anxiety and anxiety dimensions using three different convenience youth samples from Portugal (N = 384, 46.6% female), Slovenia (N = 449, 69% females), and Spain (N = 768; 60.5% females). To assess the 5Cs, we used the same short form of the PYD scale in all samples (Geldhof et al., 2013) and different anxiety measures across samples: the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) in Portugal, the Lestvica anksioznosti za otroke in mladostnike anxiety scale (LAOM) in Slovenia and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) in Spain. The findings show significant associations of PYD and anxiety across all three contexts with all three different anxiety measures used. The associations vary across countries emphasizing the need to further research the role of contexts in anxiety prevention. Despite variations the results do indicate that connection is negatively associated with anxiety in all three contexts using the three anxiety measures, while confidence is a negative predictor and caring is a positive predictor of anxiety in Slovenia and Spain. Implications for practice within an educational framework for adolescents and youth are discussed, together with public policy recommendations.AK’s research was funded by the ARRS (the Slovenian Research Agency; Grant No. J5-1781).FrontiersRepositório da Universidade de LisboaKozina, AnaGómez-Baya, DiegoMatos, Margarida Gaspar deTomé, GinaWiium, Nora2023-01-05T11:52:05Z20212021-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/55650engFront Psychol. 2021 Jun 2;12:66804910.3389/fpsyg.2021.6680491664-1078info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiainstacron:RCAAP2025-03-17T14:51:53Zoai:repositorio.ulisboa.pt:10451/55650Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireinfo@rcaap.ptopendoar:https://opendoar.ac.uk/repository/71602025-05-29T03:27:04.109493Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The association between the 5Cs and anxiety - insights from three countries: Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain
title The association between the 5Cs and anxiety - insights from three countries: Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain
spellingShingle The association between the 5Cs and anxiety - insights from three countries: Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain
Kozina, Ana
5Cs
Portugal
Slovenia
Spain
Adolescence
Anxiety
title_short The association between the 5Cs and anxiety - insights from three countries: Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain
title_full The association between the 5Cs and anxiety - insights from three countries: Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain
title_fullStr The association between the 5Cs and anxiety - insights from three countries: Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain
title_full_unstemmed The association between the 5Cs and anxiety - insights from three countries: Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain
title_sort The association between the 5Cs and anxiety - insights from three countries: Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain
author Kozina, Ana
author_facet Kozina, Ana
Gómez-Baya, Diego
Matos, Margarida Gaspar de
Tomé, Gina
Wiium, Nora
author_role author
author2 Gómez-Baya, Diego
Matos, Margarida Gaspar de
Tomé, Gina
Wiium, Nora
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Kozina, Ana
Gómez-Baya, Diego
Matos, Margarida Gaspar de
Tomé, Gina
Wiium, Nora
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv 5Cs
Portugal
Slovenia
Spain
Adolescence
Anxiety
topic 5Cs
Portugal
Slovenia
Spain
Adolescence
Anxiety
description Copyright © 2021 Kozina, Gomez-Baya, Gaspar de Matos, Tome and Wiium. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
2023-01-05T11:52:05Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10451/55650
url http://hdl.handle.net/10451/55650
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Front Psychol. 2021 Jun 2;12:668049
10.3389/fpsyg.2021.668049
1664-1078
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
instname:FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
instacron_str RCAAP
institution RCAAP
reponame_str Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
collection Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) - FCCN, serviços digitais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
repository.mail.fl_str_mv info@rcaap.pt
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