Desenvolvimento de fêmeas leiteiras mediante o uso de leite cru ou sucedâneo

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Zanotti, Josinaldo
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná; Dois Vizinhos; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Bovinos de leite; Nutrição animal; Dairy cattle; Animal nutrition
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1516

Brazil stands out in worldwide milk roduction, it is responsible for 5,28% of the total produced. The activity in Paraná State, mainly in Southwest region, is characterized for small and medium farms that have this activity as the biggest or the second source of family income. According to this, it is significant the amount of heifers that are created annually, however, in many cases, the young animals do not have the the appropriate care, since they do not bring immediate financial return for the farm. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance and the economic viability of dairy females receiving raw milk or milk substitute. The experiment was carried out on farms in Dois Vizinhos, São Jorge D’Oeste and Cruzeiro do Iguaçu, in Paraná Southwest region. Thirty-two new-born calves were used until weaning, sixteen in each treatment. After weaning, fourteen calves were used, seven in each treatment. For both treatments black and white Holstein animals were used. The experiment was carried out from March/ 2012 to August/ 2013. Two treatments were evaluated,one feeding the calves with raw milk and the other based on milk substitute. Weight gain, chest girth, abdominal girth, withers height, rump height, rump length, rump width, rump girth and animal body width were measured. No significant differences (P>0,05) were observed for all the evaluated morphological variables. The animals presented average weight gain of 592,55 and 588,96g for milk and substitute, respectively, during lactating period. After the weaning the animals presented average weight gain of 826,24 and 783,30g for milk and substitute, respectively. An important point to note is that in large-scale productions, the successful preparation of the substitute is more assured due to the exclusive skilled labor for raising and restocking sector of youth categories, which does not happen in family small farms,where usually one or two people perform various activities. The use of the substitute is an efficient alternative to replace the raw milk, since there is time and qualified skilled labor to prepare and the product presents good formulation and ease of mixing.