Demanda física e saúde biopsicosocial entre policiais e bombeiros militares do Brasil e Portugal

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Caetano, Hallyne Bergamini Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná; Curitiba; Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física; UTFPR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Polícia militar - Brasil; Polícia militar - Portugal; Bombeiros; Policiais militares - Treinamento físico; Ambiente de trabalho; Stress (Psicologia); Doenças profissionais; Military police - Brasil; Military police - Portugal; Fire fighters; Military police - Physical training; Work environment; Stress (Psychology); Occupational diseases; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::EDUCACAO FISICA; Educação Física
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/25691

The aim of this study was to describe and compare the physical-labor demand, morbidities, sociodemographic characteristics and working conditions between Brazilian police and firefighters from the State of Paraná and soldiers from the National Republican Guard of Portugal. In the introduction, a brief description of the historical roots was carried out, which prove that the Brazilian military police have their origin in the Portuguese National Republican Guard, which in turn finds a mirror in the French gendarmeries. In the following chapter, a review of the literature is carried out, focusing on the biophiopsychic characteristics of military police and firefighters. At this moment, two points have been proven, namely, the importance of investigating the theme and, per second, the inexistence of a questionnaire that, in a systemic way, would illuminate a holistic view of physical-labor demands, morbidities, sociodemographic characteristics and working conditions, gathered in one space. To achieve the objective, once the research project has been approved by the Ethics Committee of UTFPR, the chapter dedicated to materials and methods details the three steps taken for the creation, validation, reproducibility, adaptation and application of a questionnaire which passed to be called “QSP-PMBM – Health-performance questionnaire for military policemen and military firefighters” reaching the participation of 1.950 individuals, being 645 military policemen, 152 military firefighters and 1.154 military personnel from GNR. The theme was defined in four specific objectives, namely: i) to identify the physical-labor demand for the success of an operation; ii) to describe the experience of physical labor demand during a service situation; iii) Identify the morbidities in the military; and iv) Show the sociodemographic characteristics and working conditions, drawing comparisons among 3 groups at the end: military police, military firefighters and GNR military personnel. The data were compiled in an electronic spreadsheet, and the statistics (Chi-Square) were manipulated with the SPSS program, version 25.0 for Windows, with a significance level of p<0,05. The results showed that of the 20 physical / labor demands questioned there was a significant association in 13, that is, the military in the sample did not agree in 65% of the cases. The biggest disagreements were present in the demands “to do weight training exercises” p<0,001, “make excavations” p<0,001 and “lifting heavy objects for up to 5 seconds” p<0,001. The data revealed that of the 18 physical / labor demands questioned, there was a significant association in 17, that is, the military in the sample did not agree in 94.4% of the cases. The major disagreements were present in the demands experienced during the service were: “to shoot a firearm at a suspect” p<0,001, “went into a swamp or river to look for or pursue a suspect” p<0,001, “broke down a door or gate using the strength of the body itself” p<0,001, “used force to immobilize a suspect” p<0,001 and “entered a forest that is difficult to access to search for or pursue a suspect” p<0,001. The investigation proved that in 8 of the 15 morbidities presented, that is, the military in the sample did not show agreement in 53.3% of the cases. The biggest divergences were present in the questions about: “Psychological disorders (anxiety, stress, depression)” p<0,01, “Attention deficit or hyperactivity p<0,01, Hearing impairment / deafness p<0,05, joint sprain p<0,05. In turn, diseases such as “repetitive strain injury (RSI)” p>0,05, “Diabetes” p>0,05, “Visual impairment / blindness” p>0,05, “Hypertension or high blood pressure” p>0,05 had a high level of agreement among the military. Finally, the evidence found that out of the 14 sociodemographic characteristics analyzed, there was a significant association in 12, which means that the military in the sample did not agree in 85.7% of the questions asked. The biggest discrepancies were present in the questions: “How do you classify your work environment” p<0,001, “Ethnicity” p<0,001, “Number of military personnel to meet daily demand” p<0,001, “How do you consider your monthly salary” p<0,05. On the other hand, there was significant relevance in the question made about the “Marital condition” of the military p>0,05 and “With whom do you live most of the time” p>0,05. In conclusion, we found that despite being of common origin, police and military firefighters present disagreements in several biopsychosocial aspects, the same reasoning applicable to the National Republican Guard, which, despite its history finding deep links Brazilian military police also disagreed on several points of the investigation. The results obtained are a rich source of information for managers. The QSP-PMBM proved to be a useful tool for managers to obtain a broad view of the police and military firefighters in both countries, and the data now collected allow for an infinite number of associations of variables in future research.