Comparative analyses of microbial phylogenetic and functional processes following long-term land-use change

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Dennis Góss de
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: eng
• Instituição de defesa: Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
• Palavras-chave em Português: Amazon; Amazônia; Atlantic rainforest; Diversidade microbiana; Funções no solo; Mata Atlântica; Metagenômica; Metagenomics; Microbial diversity; Soil functions
• Link de acesso: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-05012016-152905/

In the last years, microbial ecologists have dramatically increased their efforts to elucidate the \"black box\" of patterns and processes that modulate the diversity and functionality of soil microorganisms, examining their genetic diversity (e.g. through metagenomic) and measuring their functional characteristics. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the interaction of the ecological processes of dispersion, diversification, selection and genetic drift on (1) the soil microbial communities, after conversion of forest to grassland or no-till cropping in long-term and (2) on the microbial communities in the rhizosphere of soybean in long-term no-till system. The cultivation of grassland in long-term led to a homogenizing selection of microbial communities, reducing beta-diversity, with consequent changes in the soil functions related to stress. No-till long-term led to minor changes of diversity, maintaining the functions found in the forest. The soybean plant has shown homogenizing power selection, and this increased with time. However, the functions selected in the rhizosphere were maintained, indicating functional resilience.