Mathematical modeling of ripple- and oscillation-mark formation in the casting of steel

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Fernandez, Marcos Zambrano
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: eng
• Instituição de defesa: Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
• Palavras-chave em Português: Asymptotic methods; Casting of steel; Lingotamento do aço; Mathematical modeling; Métodos assintóticos; Modelagem matemática
• Link de acesso: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-12112018-162119/

Ripple marks and oscillation marks are undesirable defects which occur on the surface of solidified steel produced industrially in the ingot and the continuous casting processes, respectively; these defects are characterized by more or less evenly spaced indentations on the metal surface. Although the mechanisms for their formation are thought to be qualitatively understood, there is still considerable scope for improvement as regards quantitative mathematical modeling. In this thesis, models for the two processes are developed. For the case of ripple marks, transient twodimensional (2D) momentum and heat transfer in ingot casting is considered, and a criterion is derived, in terms of the process parameters, that can help to inform how to avoid such marks. For the case of oscillation marks in continuous casting, a novel numerical formulation for a transient 2D model is developed with the aim of tracking the spatial location of the first point of molten steel to solidify, since this determines the profile of the final oscillation mark. In both cases, the models are nondimensionalized, and the sizes of the dimensionless parameters that appear are used to derive asymptotically reduced models, with a view to not only clarifying the qualitative behavior, but also as a means to reducing the computational expense; both finite-difference and finite-element methods are used to solve the resulting model equations. One of the conclusions is that, although experimentalists and metallurgists have, in the past, treated the two cases as being linked, the present modeling approach shows quite clearly, and perhaps for the first time, how they quantitatively differ.