Detalhes bibliográficos
| Ano de defesa: |
2018 |
| Autor(a) principal: |
Martins, Bruna Letícia
 |
| Orientador(a): |
Queiroz-Fernandes, Geisiany Maria de
|
| Banca de defesa: |
Não Informado pela instituição |
| Tipo de documento: |
Dissertação
|
| Tipo de acesso: |
Acesso aberto |
| Idioma: |
por |
| Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade do Sagrado Coração
|
| Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental
|
| Departamento: |
Ciências da Saúde e Biológicas
|
| País: |
Brasil
|
| Palavras-chave em Português: |
|
| Palavras-chave em Inglês: |
|
| Área do conhecimento CNPq: |
|
| Link de acesso: |
https://tede2.usc.br:8443/handle/tede/455
|
Resumo: |
The formation of biofilms, in industries or health, it is a health problem, causing food contamination and infections related to medical devices. These complex microbial structures are difficult to remove and the processes are mainly based on mechanical and chemical procedures, considered little efficient. This resistance to stress conditions occurs because the microbial cells are involved in the exopolymer matrix (EPS), making them less susceptible to the treatments. Thus, knowing the composition of biofilms, it is possible to formulate new strategies for the treatment of biofilm removal. β-glucans were characterized as polysaccharides of composition of EPS and functionally responsible for the integrity, as well as the wall of microorganisms. Therefore, β-glucanases are assumed to present activity on biofilms, since they act in the β-glucan bonds and can be obtained through of fermentative processes using agroindustrial wastewater that accumulate and cause damage to the environment. The objective this study was to optimize the production of fungal β-1,3-glucanase using alkaline agroindustrial effluent from pulp industry and vinasse, from the sugar and alcohol industry and to evaluate the efficiency this enzyme in the degradation of microbial biofilms. The wastewaters were characterized physicochemically as macro and micronutrients, inorganic and organic constituents. The optimization tests were realized by submerged liquid fermentation using Aspergillus niger fungus and the optimized parameters were: effluents concentration, incubation period, pH, temperature and agitation. The optimum production conditions found for the vinasse were: 14% of effluent, 12 days of production at 28°C, pH 6.0 and 150 rpm; for the pulp industry and 14% effluent, 12 days of production, at 37°C, pH 5.0, and 120 rpm. The vinasse was the effluent that best propitiated the production of β-glucanase after the optimization of all the parameters, being the choisen for larger quantity production to follow the application steps. The enzyme was also precipitate with 80% ammonium sulfate and characterized, obtaining a specific activity of 21.33 U/mg. The biofilms of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans were formed on stainless steel and polystyrene for 48 hours, treated with the enzyme for 30 minutes and 75 rpm and degradation efficiency was evaluated for the reduction of total biomass by violet crystal and cell viability by confocal microscopy. Significant degradations were observed in relation to the untreated controls for biofilm biomass reduction. In relation to cell viability, the enzyme showed better action on P. aeruginosa and C. albicans biofilms, revealing an alternative potential for the treatment of microbial biofilms on different surfaces. |
