Origem de aferências monoaminérgicas e CART-érgicas ao circuito elementar do reflexo auditivo de sobressalto

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, André Valério da [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Reflex, Startle; Serotonina; Norepinefrina; Neurorreguladores; Reflexo de sobressalto; Reflexos; Circuitos neurais
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154692; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/05-09-2017/000865781.pdf

The acoustic startle reflex (ASR) is a rapid motor reaction elicited by a sudden intense acoustic stimulus. This is an acoustic-motor reflex of brainstem conserved across mammal's species including man. Moreover the ASR is defensive behavior against both possible ag-gressive and alert to unexpected events. The ASR evokes responses of skeletal muscles as well as of autonomic nervous system with elevation of blood pressure and acceleration of the heart rate. In the rat, the elementary neural circuitry of ASR is mediated by ganglion cells of the organ of Corti, the cochlear root neurons (CRN), the pontine caudal reticular nucleus (PnC) and motoneurons of the spinal cord. The ASR could be modulated by habituation, sensitization, prepulse inhibition (PPI), and fear potentiation. These modulations were medi-ated by the influence of neuroactive substances on components of neuronal circuitry of ASR. In this work we evaluate the origin of monoaminergic (serotonin and noradrenaline) and CART-ergic afferents to CRN and PnC. Adult Female Wistar rats (n=54) were submitted to injections of retrograde and anterograde neuronal tracers in track-tracing experiments and identification of neuroactive substances in brain by immunohistochemistry technique. All ex-perimental protocols are according with Ethics Committee on Animal Use (protocol: 17/08). Our results demonstrate that noradrenergic area A5 (A5) is a source of noradrenergic and CART-ergic afferents to CRN and PnC, and dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) is origin of seroto-ninergic afferents to these regions. There are reciprocal connections between DR, A5 and PnC. Furthermore, after 14 and 21 days of lesion in A5, the percentage of PPI increased during intervals of 100 and 150 milliseconds without modification of ASR. This data suggest that A5 have direct action on elementary circuit of ASR evidenced his connections and modulation of PPI. Moreover, A5 and DR connections bring new insights about modulation ...