Avaliação da densidade mineral óssea em mulheres na pós-menopausa tratadas de câncer e mama

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Poloni, Priscila Ferreira [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Mamas - Cancer; Densidade óssea - Fatores de risco; Menopausa; Pós-menopausa; Osteoporose; Estudos transversais; Postmenopause; Breast - Cancer
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123941; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/12-06-2015/000831358.pdf

Objective: To evaluate the risk factors for low bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors compared to postmenopausal women without breast cancer. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 112 breast cancer survivors were compared to 224 postmenopausal women (control), seeking healthcare at a University Hospital. Eligibility criteria included women with amenorrhea ≥ 12 months and age ≥ 45 years, treated for breast cancer and metastasis-free for at least five years. The control group consisted of women with amenorrhea ≥ 12 months, age ≥ 45 years and without breast cancer, matched by age and menopause status (in a proportion of 1:2 as sample calculation). The risk factors for low BMD (osteopenia and osteoporosis) were assessed by interviews. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) at the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck. Logistic regression model (odds ratio, OR) was used to identify factors associated with low BMD. Results: The mean (SD) age of breast cancer survivors was 61.3 (9.7) years, with a mean (SD) follow-up of 10.2 (3.9) years. Considering both sites assessed (spine and femoral neck), 77.7% of breast cancer survivors and 74.5% in the control group had low BMD (p = 0.302). The BMD at the lumbar spine did not differ between groups (p = 0.332). However, breast cancer survivors had a higher incidence of osteopenia (45.1%) and osteoporosis (22.3%) in the BMD at the femoral neck when compared to control (39.3% and 9.0%, respectively) (p = 0.0005). Univariate analyses, adjusted for age and time since menopause, revealed that chemotherapy (OR 6.90; CI 95% 5.57-9.77) was associated with higher risk for low BMD. Contrarily, regular physical exercise (OR 0.24; 95%CI 0.06-0.98) and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 (OR 0.09; 95% CI 0.02-0.37) reduced risk among breast cancer survivors. Smoking, use of hormone therapy, tamoxifen or anastrozole, history of fracture, rheumatoid ...