Influência de diferentes superfícies de implantes unitários com geometria do tipo hexágono externo, Platform Switching e Cone-Morse em osso tipo III e IV: estudo pelo método dos elementos finitos tridimensionais

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Santiago Júnior, Joel Ferreira [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Implantes dentários; Prótese dentária fixada por implante; Biomecânica; Método dos elementos finitos; Dental implants
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123409; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/29-04-2015/000821666.pdf

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the biomechanical interactions of implants with different connections, bone types, surfaces of the implants, and loading through the methodology of 3-D finite element (Chapter 1) and to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis on the topic implant platform switching (Chapter 2). Regarding the experimental methodology, 12 three-dimensional models were made using the InVesalius 3.0, Rhinoceros 4.0, and Solidworks 2010 programs. Models consisted of a bone block with an implant (5.00 x 10.00 mm) with the geometry of connecting external hexagon (EH) and Morse taper being elaborated. The connection platforms used were external hexagon, platform switching (PSW) type, and Morse taper platform. Two bone types were elaborated for analysis (III and IV), along with two types of implant surfaces. The models were processed by Femap 10.0 and NEiNastran 10.0 programs. The forces applied were 200N (vertical) and 100N (oblique). The results were plotted on maps of Maximum Principal Stress and microstrain. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and a Tukey test, and p values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. The results showed that the Morse taper implants were more favorable for stress distribution (p <0.05). The concept of platform switching showed no statistically significant difference when compared with external hexagon implants with regular platform (p> 0.05). In relation to the second chapter, we selected 18 studies involving 835 patients and 1,783 implants, and the meta-analysis indicated that there was a significant reduction in bone loss in PSW implants when compared to regular platform -0.51 mm (95% CI implants: -0.67 to -0.36, p <0.0001). Based on these studies, it was concluded that biomechanically the concept of platform switching is viable...