Florestas de mangue em diferentes condições ambientais sob o enfoque da estrutura vegetal, da biomassa e do estoque do carbono acima do solo no Mosaico de Áreas Protegidas do Lagamar

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Chiquetto, Leticia Noveleto
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Manguezais; Necromassa; Carbono; Áreas protegidas; Estrutura vegetal; Monitoramento
• Link de acesso: https://hdl.handle.net/11449/255659

Mangroves are coastal ecosystems that offer a series of ecosystem services to humanity, including the sequestration of atmospheric carbon during photosynthesis. This process is known as “Blue Carbon” which is the term used to describe carbon captured, stored, and released mainly in marine-coastal ecosystems, an important factor in mitigating and adapting to climate change. The present study analyzed and compared the structural development and evaluated the carbon stock in the aboveground biomass (AGB) of mangroves under different environmental conditions on the southern coast of São Paulo and on the coast of Paraná, areas that are part of the Lagamar Mosaic of Protected Areas. For this purpose, the measurements of height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and identification of mangrove species were obtained in 52 permanent plots. From the data collected in the field, necromass and AGB were calculated using specific allometric equations. Based on these data, it was observed that the Iguape forests close to Icapara are in a good state of conservation and have high structural development, however, those close to the Valo Grande channel have high values of dead trunks and intermediate development. The Cananéia mangroves are in a good state of conservation with some forests being affected individually by natural events, with high development. The mangroves on the Paraná coast are in a good state of conservation, with low numbers of dead trunks and intermediate structural development. The Iguape forests have an average aerial biomass of 130.4 t/ha, resulting in an average carbon stock of 63.4 tC/ha and an average necromass of 21.3 t/ha. The areas in Cananéia have an average biomass of 196.3 t/ha, carbon stock of 86.3.1 tC/ha and an average necromass of 26.0 t/ha. Meanwhile, the forests of Paraná have an average biomass of 86.85 t/ha, of carbon stock of 38.1 tC/ha and an average necromass of 14.8 t/ha. The study demonstrates that the carbon stocks of mangrove forests in Iguape and Paraná are below the global averages and the Brazilian average. The data also shows that Cananéia has a carbon stock above the global and national averages. Although the mangroves in the study area are well preserved, those close to the artificial channel were impacted, showing a reduction in biomass, and consequently a reduction in carbon stock. These results show the importance of the need for programs and public policies for the conservation of mangroves and for the reduction of anthropogenic impacts on this ecosystem.