Condutividade hidráulica saturada e direcional em xisto: ensaios em laboratório. -

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Isler, Elias [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Groundwater; Águas subterrâneas; Xisto; Anisotropia; Maua (SP)
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123853; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/15-05-2014/000829950.pdf

In this study, the directional saturated hydraulic conductivity in schists from Embu Complex, municipality of Mauá/SP were verified. Laboratory tests were performed in undisturbed rock samples using falling head and constant head permeameters under pressure to promote successive increments of hydraulic gradient. Moreover, analyses of grain size distribution and saturation degree, as well as test of adsorption of Methylene Blue were carried out to characterize the investigated rock in this study. The results about the grain size distribution showed that the studied rock is a sandy-clayey silt and fine sand silt type. The data about saturation degree showed that in the rock samples with foliation: a) parallel to X-axis, the final saturation degrees were the highest observed, b) 60° oblique angle, the final saturation degrees were the smallest observed and c) 30° oblique angle, the final saturation degrees were the intermediate one. In addition, the Methylene Blue stain test showed the absence of expansive clays. The results of hydraulic conductivity showed an apparent isotropic condition in a strongly anisotropic rock, at least in higher hydraulic gradients. However, in lower hydraulic gradients, an apparent anisotropic condition is observed, considering that the responses for the rock samples in different directions are directly dependent to the hydraulic gradient applied. The values obtained for X, Y and Z directions are 10-09 m/s. This behavior can be explained by the following factors: a) small spacing between the foliation planes, which seems not to have been enough to promote a significant variation along the different directions of hydraulic conductivity, b) threshold hydraulic gradient necessary to induce the water flow in the studied schist, c) increase of tortuosity of the porous medium in the oblique and/or perpendicular directions of the foliation planes and d) saturation degree less than 100%, indicating the presence of air...