Níveis de aminoácidos digestíveis para juvenis de tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum e turnover isotópico do carbono - 13 e do nitrogênio - 15 no tecido muscular

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Thiago Matias Torres do [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Peixe - Nutrição; Tambaqui (Peixe); Aminoacidos; Proteínas; Isótopos estáveis; Lisina na nutrição animal; Metionina; Amino acids
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123731

Three experiments were conducted to determine the amino acid digestibility of the principal ration ingredients fed to juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), to estimate this species' requirements for digestible amino acids and with this information, to evaluate the effect of lysine and/or methionine supplementation in diets on the turnover of stable carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 isotopes in muscle tissue. In the first study, 390 tambaqui juveniles (70 ± 8.6 g) were used to evaluate the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of the amino acids (AA) of thirteen common feed ingredients. For energy feedstuffs, high digestibility values for all essential amino acids were observed for corn (94.60%) and wheat middling (91.93%) and lower values for broken rice (75.66%) and sorghum (72.84%). For protein feedstuffs, the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) for both essential amino acids (EAA) and non-essential amino acids (NEAA) were high (79.47 to 98.46%), with the exception of alchool yeast (68.44% for EAA and 76.68% for NEAA). For most of the foods studied, tryptophan was found to be the most limiting AA, with the lowest chemical scores (6.21 to 51.25). However, lysine was found to be the first limiting for wheat middling, corn gluten and soybean meal. Soybean meal was the most complete food as respects to the amino acid profile, with an index of digestible essential amino acids (IAAE) of 102.38%, unlike wheat gluten, which had the lowest IAAE at 48.03%. In the second test, dose response was carried out to determine the digestible lysine requirements for tambaqui. The nutritional requirements of other amino acids could be estimated from the lysine requirements, thereby designing an amino acid profile (called ideal protein) through the relationship between the best digestible dietary lysine and the amino acid profile of white tambaqui muscle. Fish with an average weight of 7.74 ± 1.01g were fed diets containing seven ...