A voz do idoso: características clínicas, endoscópicas, vocais e morfológicas

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Pessin, Adriana Bueno Benito [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Distúrbios da voz - Cirurgia; Laringe; Idosos; Morfometria
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139311; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/06-06-2016/000866104.pdf

Introduction: In the presbyphonia occur several structural changes in the larynx and vocal quality, resulting in vocal symptoms as hoarseness, throat clearing, tremor, low and weak voice, difficulty of singing, etc. Histological studies identify calcification of hyaline cartilage, epithelium and vocal muscle atrophy, decrease of elastic fibers and hyaluronic acid and the increase of collagen fibers in the lamina propria. The videolaryngoscopy exams show vocal folds bowed, prominence of vocal apophysis and atrophy of the vocal folds. In acoustic and auditory perception vocal analysis, we observe hoarseness, breathiness, pneumophonic incoordination, reduced maximum phonation time, increase in vocal acoustic parameters, decreased fundamental frequency in women and increased in men. Objective: To analyze presbyphonia from the clinical, vocal, videolaryngoscopic and morphometric aspects. Methods: Two studies were designed: clinical and morphological. Clinical Study: 72 elderly of both genders, who participated in this study, were divided by age: 60-75 years and 76-90 years. A control group was composed by 40 adults (30-50 years) without vocal symptoms. All participants answered a questioner and were submitted to otoscopy, audiometry, tympanometry, videolaryngoscopy, acoustic and perceptual voice analysis (GRBASI scale). Morphological Study- 30 left vocal folds were removed from 30 cadavers of both genders, 20 elderly (60 to 75 years, n = 10; 76 to 90 years, n = 10) and 10 control patients (30-50 years). Staining Techniques used: H&E; PAS, trichrome Masson (collagen fibers) and Calleja (elastic fibers). Morphometric measurements were performed of the thickness of the epithelium, lamina propria, diameter of the vocal muscle, and the concentration of elastic and collagen fibers (% area) in the superficial and deep layers of lamina propria. The morphometric measurements were performed by the software Image ...