Estudo do ultrassom de potência no pré-tratamento do material lignocelulósico de resíduos da bananeira

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Vélez, Harvey Alexander Villa [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Biomassa lignocelulósica; Campos acústicos; Modelagem Simulação; Ultrassom de potência
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127691; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/31-08-2015/000844615.pdf

The hydrolysis of lignocellulosic material by non-thermal process as the high-intensity ultrasound provides a non-polluting method and the opportunity to increase the production of total and reducing sugars in the pretreatment process, for further use by biological or chemical agents. However, the major disadvantages of these methodologies are the little documentation about the application in the ethanol industry and the difficulty to study the action mechanism in the material. Thus, the aim of this work was to study of power ultrasound effects on the pretreatment of lignocellulosic material of banana waste (flower stalk). First, a chemical composition of dried flower stalk was determined by official methods. Experimental analyses were realized to determine the specific heat capacity (c p, kJ/kg oC) and the density (ρ, kg/m3) of the acidified aqueous solutions of flower-stalk powder, by differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and pycnometry methods, respectively. First order models as a function of pH, temperature and biomass concentration were obtained for the properties specific heat capacity and density, using the stepwise regression method. Once obtained the models for the c p and ρ, a determination of the acoustic fields in the aqueous solutions of flower-stalk powder by the calorimetric method was carried out, being found an indirect relationship between the power transferred and acoustic intensities in the system with the biomass concentration. Moreover, an experimental design was carried out to determine the effects of the factors: biomass concentration (x, g/mL) nominal power ultrasound (U, W), pH and time (t, min) under the responses: total sugars yield (S T, mg/g) and reducing sugars yield (S R, mg/g). For this, an ultrasonic processor with frequency of 24 kHz and nominal power of 1500 W was employed. Experimental results showed that the factors biomass concentration and nominal ...