Influência das substâncias húmicas aquáticas na genotoxicidade dos metais em tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus)

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Batalhão, Isabela Gertrudes [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Ecologia aquatica; Toxicologia genética; Substâncias húmicas; Tilapia (Peixe) - Efeito da poluição da água; Metais - Contaminação; Aquatic ecology
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/122178

The resolution of the National Council on the Environment establishes limits concentration for metals in natural aquatic environments. However, these limits are consider to metals isolated, and these rarely occur isolated in the environment, have being aquatic organisms exposed to mixtures of them. Thus, it is extremely important to predict the impact of pollutants on organisms, considering the interactions between them. In addition, other substances into the aquatic environment may affect the bioavailability of toxic compounds to aquatic organisms. Among them, the aquatic humic substances (AHS) are important for toxicology studies, they have the ability to complex with the metal species and become less toxic to aquatic organisms. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate if the metals (Fe, Cd, Cu and Pb) isolated and in mixtures, at the limit concentrations recommended for water class 3 by CONAMA resolution, in the absence and presence of 1.5 mg/L and 5 mg/L AHS can cause genotoxic and biochemical effects in species of the fish Oreochromis niloticus, after 7 days exposure. The results indicated no significant difference in the micronucleus test, for any of the experiments, when compared to the negative control, so the metals did not show mutagenic effects in fish. However, the experiment showed genotoxic effects, because we observed increase in nuclear abnormalities for the experiment in the absence of AHS and the experiment with 1.5 mg/L of HAS. The same was not occur for the experiment with 5 mg/L of AHS which showed us the formation of the complex between the metals and the AHS. The test of the comet assay was observe a significant decrease in the percentage of DNA in the tail of comets in animals treated with Pb, Cd and mixture of metals, in the experiment in the absence of AHS. Therefore, we saw that after 7 days of exposure, the animals were able to activate defense mechanisms and repair against injury in DNA. The ...