Helmintofauna associada a leptodactylus fuscus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) em regiões de Cerrado, Pantanal e Caatinga no Brasil

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Lins, Aline Gouveia de [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Leptodactylus fuscus; Anuros; Diagonal aberta; Helmintofauna; Dissimilaridade; Anurans; Open diagonal; Helminthfauna; Distance decay; Parasite diversity
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138033

Species differ in their environmental preferences, leading to processes in the community based in gradient variations that decrease as the distance increases. This process diminishes faster in heterogeneous landscapes, especially in solid areas of bands like South American open diagonally, that is characterized by horizontal stratification environments, presenting a landscape mosaic that extends from the Caatinga to the regions of Chaco, through the Pantanal. The Cerrado, Pantanal and Caatinga are characterized by great diversity of vertebrate anuran species, including the host Leptodactylus fuscus. These regions are inserted in the open diagonal South American. The composition and the relationship between parasite-host infra-populations of helminth species associated with L. fuscus specimens were described in three different regions of Brazil. Amphibians are found in a variety of habitats and exhibit different reproductive and behavioral patterns, considered good models to study parasitology. The study evaluated if there is a decay on the similarity between geographically distant communities and concluded that these two variables are positively associated. This study assessed 155 hosts and found a total of 16 taxa: Aplectana membranosa, Aplectana pintoi, Schankiana formosula, Cosmocerca podicipinus, Oswaldocruzia lopesi, Oxyascaris necopinus, Glypthelmins linguatula, Catadiscus cf. marinholutzi, Physaloptera sp., Physalopteroides sp., Rhabdias sp., metacercariae (Diplostomidae), nematodes of Cosmocercidae, larval cestode, cystacant and encysted unidentified larvae. The helminth component community of the Pantanal and Cerrado were the most similar and showed higher species sharing (n = 10) generating another clade in the cluster for Caatinga area. Some helminth species contributed to this dissimilarity influencing the results of the canonical discriminant analysis, characterizing the grouping formed for each biome. The taxonomic variation among hosts of different localities may be a result of the diversification of the host species during the evolutionary period, considered a complex species or even by the environmental characteristics of each site. This study presents a characterization of helminth fauna associated with L. fuscus and contributes to ecological studies of the host-parasite relationship.