Metabolomic study of the chemical composition of bamboos from the genus Guadua (Poaceae) and exploration of their biological potential

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Chitiva, Luis Carlos Chitiva [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: eng
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Bamboo; Guadua; Metabolomics; Metabolites; Bioactive compounds; Bambu; Metabolômica; Metabólitos; Compostos bioativos
• Link de acesso: https://hdl.handle.net/11449/257034; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8935150467809395; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1422-5545

Bamboos belonging to the Guadua genus are recognized worldwide for their various applications in the ecological, social, economic, cultural, and medicinal fields. However, to date information on its chemical composition and biological activity is still unknown. In this context, the present work aimed to study the chemical composition and biological activity of bamboos of the Guadua genus through a metabolomic approach, with four main objectives: (1) evaluate the variations in the chemical composition under the influence of an altitudinal gradient and map chemical diversity using GNPS; (2) correlate chemical composition and biological activities for the identification of bioactive compounds; (3) evaluate metabolic alterations in HCT-116 cells after exposure to G. incana extract; and (4) isolate some bioactive compounds from the active extract of G. incana, guided by the metabolomic approach. The results obtained highlight that the first objective shows a significant increase in flavonoid composition at high altitudes. A great richness in the chemical diversity of these bamboos was also demonstrated. In the second objective, the presence of 49 compounds was identified in Guadua species, including flavonoids and cinnamic acid derivatives that showed a strong correlation with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Particularly, it was found that flavone glycosides presented a positive correlation with cytotoxic potential. In the third objective, an alteration of 99 metabolites was found in HCT-116 cells when treated with the active extract of G. incana, mainly associated with glutathione metabolism. Finally, in the fourth objective, a flavone glycoside corresponding to isoschaftoside was isolated that showed potent cytotoxic activity and a mixture of three flavones derived from apigenin. In conclusion, this study contributed important and robust scientific data to the knowledge of the chemical composition and the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic potential of several species of the genus Guadua that had not yet been studied.